Table 1. HMSC gene regulation in chondrogenic ECM scaffolds.

Table represents mean fold change in gene expression of HMSCs in the chondrogenic ECM scaffolds with respect to control scaffolds (n=3 for each group). Significance was calculated using student's t-test. Note the positive regulation of pro chondrogenic genes such as sox9 and type X collagen and negative regulation/down regulation (indicated by –ve sign) of pro osteogenic genes (marked in bold letters). Genes that showed a Ct value in the control samples, but did not show any expression in the ECM samples are marked as turned off.

GENE SYMBOL	DESCRIPTION	FOLD CHANGE	P-VALUE (T-TEST)
GROWTH FACTORS
BMP2	Bone morphogenetic protein 2	6.53	0.000033
BMP4	Bone morphogenetic protein 4	-4.71	0.0446
EGF	Epidermal growth factor	Turned off
FGF2	Fibroblast derived growth factor 2	-1.67	0.0128
TGFβ1	Transforming growth factor beta 1	1.59	0.0376
IGF1	Insulin like growth factor 1	-4.4	0.11
GDF10	Growth and differentiation factor 10	Turned off
TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS
RUNX 2	Runt related transcription factor 2	-1.55	0.16
SOX 9	(Sex determining region Y)-box 9	5.32	0.0512
ECM PROTEINS
BGN	Biglycan	1.67	0.016
BGLAP	Osteocalcin	-2.16	0.0182
COL10A1	Type X Collagen	2.8	0.0446
COMP	Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein	1.38	0.147
COL1A1	Type I collagen	1.83	0.0056
DMP1	Dentin matrix protein 1	Turned off
PHEX	Phosphate regulating neutral endopeptidase	Turned off
ADHESION MOLECULES
ITGA1	Integrin alpha 1	-1.64	0.0583
CDH11	Cadherin 11	-1.47	0.0369
VCAM1	Vascular cell adhesion molecule 1	-5.37	0.0022
MMPs
MMP2	Matrix metalloprotease 2	1.45	0.0546
RECEPTORS
FGFR2	Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2	-2.41	0.0352
IGF1R	Insulin like growth factor receptor	-12.09	0.0241
CD36	Thrombospondin receptor	-4.18	0.091
OTHER
B2M	β2 macroglobulin	-8.02	0.00007
ACTB	Actin	4.14	0.17