Figure 1. Relative expression of PxRyR in Plutella xylostella.

(A) PxRyR expression in five resistant populations and a susceptible one. The relative expression of PxRyR in other five resistant populations was normalized to that in CHS population. (B) PxRyR expression in CHS population after treatment with LC₅₀ or LC₇₅ of chlorantraniliprole for different times. (C) PxRyR expression in different groups of PY population. Data presented as the mean ± SD for three independent replicates. The bars with different small letters in (A) and (C) are significantly different according to the one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test (P < 0.05), and the asterisks* in (B) represent the significant difference between the treatment and corresponding untreated control (Student’s t-test, P < 0.05).