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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Ann Biomed Eng. 2015 Mar 28;43(10):2538–2551. doi: 10.1007/s10439-015-1306-7

Fig. 6.

Fig. 6

Parameter sensitivity of representative airway segment. Growth and pressure loading initiate folding patterns for varying stiffness ratio μm/μs and varying geometric ratios tm/R and ts/R. As stiffness and geometric ratios increase, the spacing between neighboring folds increases for both growth and pressure loading. Growth triggers combined circular and longitudinal folding; pressure triggers pronounced circular folding. The color code visualizes the folding pattern through the von Mises stress; stresses are highest in the red valley regions and lowest in the blue ridges.