Table 2. Summary of relative risks (RRs) for the association between untreated maternal hypertension^a and congenital heart defects.

Cardiac defects	No. of studies	Summary RR (95 % CI)	Heterogeneity p value	Egger's test p valueb
Any congenital heart defect	7	1.38 (1.15, 1.67)	<0.001c	0.939
Conotruncal defects	2	1.30 (1.04, 1.62)	0.255	–
Atrioventricular septal defects	3	1.65 (1.10, 2.49)	0.190	0.717
Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction	2	1.13 (0.86, 1.47)	0.631	–
Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction	2	1.20 (0.94, 1.53)	0.021	–
Ventricular septal defects	2	1.32 (1.08, 1.61)	0.255	–
Atrial septal defects	2	2.01 (0.85, 4.74)	<0.001c	–
Heterotaxy/situs inversus	2	1.17 (0.68, 2.01)	0.086	–

^aStudies that assessed hypertension medications but not maternal hypertension were not included

^bAt least three studies are required for performance of Eggers test

^cWhen evidence of heterogeneity was observed, the effect from the random-effects model was reported