. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: Pediatr Cardiol. 2015 May 8;36(7):1442–1451. doi: 10.1007/s00246-015-1182-9

Table 3. Summary of relative risks (RRs) for the association between treated maternal hypertension^a and congenital heart defects.

Exposure	No. of studies	Summary RR (95 % CI)	Heterogeneity p value	Egger's test p value
Hypertension medications overall	8	2.03 (1.54, 2.68)	0.001	0.710
ACE inhibitor	4	2.12 (0.76, 5.93)	<0.001^b	0.556
Beta-blockers	3	2.10 (1.64, 2.70)	0.037^b	0.461
Calcium channel blockers	3	1.16 (0.86, 1.55)	0.347	0.232

Use of hypertension medication

When evidence of heterogeneity was observed, the effect from the random-effects model was reported

Table 3. Summary of relative risks (RRs) for the association between treated maternal hypertensiona and congenital heart defects.