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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Compr Physiol. 2015 Jul 1;5(3):1147–1160. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c140057

Figure 5.

Figure 5

The Chronic Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury. Some individuals experiencing TBI are more susceptible to chronic effects than others. Environmental and genetic factors play a role. Pathologic changes that may develop include neurofibrillary tangles, axonal shearing, and amyloid plaques to name a few. Neuropsychiatric symptoms may also develop such as depression, impulsivity, cognitive decline, and confusion. This area of chronic deficits following TBI is a topic of growing importance receiving renewed research focus and funding.