Figure 9.

(Top row) The point in time $t_{\mathrm{DNM},50}\left(\overline{z}\right)$ where $50\mathrm{\%}$ of the phenotypic responses to moving-optimum selection have been contributed by de novo mutations as a function of the rate of environmental change for various values of Θ (left) and ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{s}}^2$ (right). Insets show the results for large ν on a log scale. (Middle row) The mean total phenotypic response at this time. (Bottom row) The relative contribution of original standing genetic variation to the total genetic variance at time $t_{\mathrm{DNM},50}\left(\overline{z}\right)$. Data are means (and standard deviations) from 1000 replicate simulation runs. Fixed parameters (if not stated otherwise): ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{s}}^2=50$, $\mathrm{\Theta }=5$, $N=2500$, ${\sigma }_{\mathrm{m}}^2=\mathrm{0.05.}$