Table 1.
Review of the Literature: Summary of 44 cases of Hemorrhagic Lumbar Synovial Cysts
| Authors/Year | Age/Gender | Level | Symptom Duration | Back Pain |
Leg Pain |
Weakness | Sensory Change | Decreased Reflexes | Other | MRI* (T1/T2) |
Surgical Treatment – Laminectomy | Follow- up |
Outcome | Applied Macnab Score† |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brish and Payan, 19725) |
51/M | L4-L5 | 3 mo | + | + | + | + | NR | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | ||||
| Pendleton et al., 198331) | 50/F | L3-L4 | 3 mo -> 2wks | + | + | + | + | + | + | 1 mo | Improved symptoms | Good | ||
| Kjerulf et al., 198619) | 56/F | L5-S1 | 5 mo | + | + | + | + | 1 yr | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | ||||
| Franck et al., 198712) | 62/F | L4-L5 | 2 mo | + | + | + | NR | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | |||||
| Onofrio and Mih, 198827) | 64/F | L4-L5 | 3 mo | + | + | + | + | 3 mo | Pain free | Excellent | ||||
| 71/F | L4-L5 | 3 mo | + | + | + | 3 mo | Mild residual foot pain | Good | ||||||
| Reust et al., 198835) | 77/F | L4-L5 | 1 mo | + | + | + | 1 y | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | |||||
| 24/M | L4-L5 | 5 mo | + | + | + | 1 yr | Progressive improvement | Good | ||||||
| Eyster and Scott, 198910) |
60/M | L4-L5 | 3 mo | + | + | + | NR | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | |||||
| Lemish et al., 198920) | 78/F | L5-S1 | 3 mo | + | + | NR | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | ||||||
| 53/M | L4-L5 | 21 d | + | spinal claudication | + | NR | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | ||||||
| Rousseaux et al., 198936) | 29/M | L5-S1 | 7 mo | + | + | NR | NR | NR | ||||||
| Jackson et al., 198916) |
NR/NR | L4-L5 | NR | + | + | Hi/Hi | + | NR | Improvement in pain and relief of radiculopathy | Good | ||||
| Summers and Quint, 199238) |
60/M | L2-L3 | 6 mo | + | + | + | hHi/hLo | + | NR | NR | NR | |||
| Tatter and Cosgrove, 199441) |
59/M | L3-L4 | 5 d | + | + | + | + | Hi/hLo | + | 2 mo | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | ||
| Yarde et al., 199547) | 42/M | L5-S1 | 12 mo | + | + | NR | + | 4 mo | Improved symptoms | Good | ||||
| Howling and Kessel, 199715) | 51/M | L4-L5 | 21 d | + | + | + | + | + | hHi/hHi | + | NR | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | |
| Radatz et al., 199732) | 65/M | L4-L5 | >1 mo | + | + | + | + | Lo/Hi | + | 1 mo | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | ||
| Henriet and Nobourgh, 199813) |
56/F | L4-L5 | 14 d | + | + | + | NR | NR | NR | |||||
| Bandiera et al., 19993) | 81/F | L3-L4 | 4 mo | + | + | + | spinal claudication | Hi/hHi | + | 1 yr | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | ||
| Kaneko and Inoue, 200017) |
55/M | L3-L4 | 6 mo -> 3 d | + | + | + | + | Hi/NR | + | 2.5 yr | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | ||
| Wang et al., 200445) | 76/F | L4-L5 | 4 mo -> few days | + | Hi/Lo | + | NR | Complete resolution of pain | Excellent | |||||
| 82/F | L4-L5 | 3 mo -> 24 hr | + | + | + | Hi/Lo | + | NR | Complete resolution of pain | Excellent | ||||
| Eck and Triantafyllou, 20059) | 77/M | L3-L4 | 2 wk | + | + | + | NR/Hi | + | 1 yr | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | |||
| Wait et al., 200544) | 62/M | L3-L4 | 6 mo -> 2 mo | + | + | + | Hi/NR | + | NR | Full recovery | Excellent | |||
| 69/M | L3-L4 | 8 mo -> 2 wk | + | + | + | + | + | urinary retention | Hi/NR | + | 4 mo | Full recovery | Excellent | |
| Khan et al., 200518) | NR/NR | NR | NR | NR | ||||||||||
| NR/NR | NR | NR | NR | |||||||||||
| Ramieri et al., 200634) | 71/F | L5-S1 | 15 d | + | + | + | + | hHi/NR | + | 1 yr | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | ||
| 75/F | L3-L4 | 10 d | + | + | + | + | + | hHi/NR | + | 1 yr | Recovery of sensation, reflexes. Partial recovery of strength | Good | ||
| 68/M | L4-L5 | 14 d | + | + | hHi/NR | + | 2 yr | No radicular pain, continued back pain | Good | |||||
| Nourbakhsh and Garges, 200726) | 67/M | L4-L5 | 1.5 mo | + | + | + | + | clonus | Hi/hLo | + | 1 yr | Complete resolution of presenting symptoms | Excellent | |
| Arantes et al., 20082) | 61/M | L4-L5 | 2 mo -> 8 d | + | + | + | Hi/Lo | + | 6 mo | Complete resolution of neurological symptoms | Excellent | |||
| Miyatake et al., 200925) | 86/M | L1-L2 | 3 mo -> 1mo | + | Hi/Hi | + | NR | Complete resolution of neurological symptoms | Excellent | |||||
| 56/M | L4-L5 | 1 mo -> 4 d | + | + | cauda equina | Hi/Hi | + | NR | Complete resolution of neurological symptoms | Excellent | ||||
| 84/M | L4-L5 | 2 mo -> 1 mo | + | + | Hi/Hi | + | NR | Complete resolution of neurological symptoms | Excellent | |||||
| 57/M | L5-S1 | 3 mo -> 2 mo | + | Hi/Hi | + | NR | Complete resolution of neurological symptoms | Excellent | ||||||
| Cicuendez et al., 20107) | 72/F | L3-L4 | 3 mo -> 1 wk | + | + | + | + | Hi/h | + | ~4 wk | Full recovery | Excellent | ||
| Utsunomiya et al., 201143) | 65/F | L3-L4 | 2 mo -> days | + | + | + | + | hHi/Lo | + | 1 yr | Complete recovery | Excellent | ||
| Xu et al., 201146) | 68/M | L3-L4 | 4 mo -> 1 wk | + | + | + | + | Hi/Lo | + | 8 mo | Resolution of majority of radicular symptoms | Good | ||
| Tofuka et al., 201142) | 84/M | L4-L5 | >2 mo | + | + | + | urinary disturbance | Hi/h | + | 1 wk | Symptoms improved, Pt could walk without support at 1 wk post-op | Good | ||
| Park et al., 201230) | 72/F | L2-L3 | acute | + | + | Hi/Lo | + | 1 mo | Full recovery | Excellent | ||||
| Machino et al., 201222) | 65/M | L2-L3 | 3 mo -> 1 wk | + | + | + | mild incontinence of bowel and bladder | Hi/Lo | + | 1 mo | Full recovery | Excellent | ||
| Hoover and Pirris, 201414) |
68/F | S1-S2 | 3 wk | + | + | + | Lo/Hi | + | NR | Significant improvement in leg pain | Good |
NR = Not recorded by authors
*h = heterogeneous, Hi = hyperintense, Lo = hypointense
†According to Macnab score23)