Table 3. Pubovisceralis muscle (PVM) measurements: vaginal birth (VB) versus Cesarean delivery (CD).

	Normal Vaginal birth (mean ± SD in mm) n=294	Cesarean Section (mean ± SD in mm) n =119	p value
Mean coronal transverse diameter (3-D)
At rest
Right	7.01 ±1.77	6.98±1.73	0.85
Left	7.30±1.85	7.15±1.90	0.47
With pelvic floor squeeze
Right	7.40±3.72	7.29±1.80	0.66
Left	7.76±3.58	7.49±1.94	0.31
With Valsalva
Right	7.90±8.16	7.97±8.21	0.94
Left	8.22±8.12	8.13±8.21	0.91
Mean coronal transverse diameter (at rest)
Translabial 2-D
Right	6.90±1.63	7.14±1.55	0.18
Left	7.21 ±1.66	7.30±1.70	0.61