Table 1. Sample characteristics across levels of average maternal alcohol intake in pregnancy.
| Average number of drinks per week | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 1–4 | 5–8 | ≥ 9 1 | Total | |
| Number of participants | 629 | 549 | 138 | 17 | 1333 |
| Sampling fraction(Median, 10th/90th pctile) | 8.0(1.5/49.6) | 5.5(1.2/22.8) | 65.6(34.3/76.5) | 95.0(57.9/95.0) | 9.7(1.5/49.6) |
| Timing of interview(Gestational week) | 16.0(13.0/23.0) | 17.0(13.0/24.0) | 17.0(13.0/24.0) | 18.0(12.0/28.0) | 17.0(13.0/24.0) |
| Maternal age, years(Mean ± SD) | 29.8 ± 4.3 | 31.5 ± 4.0 | 32.8 ± 4.5 | 35.4 ± 5.0 | 30.9 ± 4.3 |
| Parity | |||||
| 0 (%) | 56.4 | 48.3 | 29.7 | 11.8 | 49.7 |
| 1 (%) | 30.7 | 32.8 | 44.2 | 41.2 | 33.1 |
| 2+ (%) | 12.9 | 18.9 | 26.1 | 47.1 | 17.2 |
| Maternal BMI, kg/m 2 (Median, 10/90 pctile) | 22.6(19.5/29.1) | 22.6(19.7/28.4) | 22.4(19.6/28.1) | 21.6(18.0/29.4) | 22.5(19.6/28.7) |
| Maternal marital status 2 Single (%) | 12.0 | 10.8 | 11.7 | 5.9 | 11.4 |
| Parental education, years(Median, 10/90 pctile) | 13.0(11.0/16.0) | 13.0(11.0/16.0) | 13.0(11.0/17.0) | 12.5(11.0/17.0) | 13.0(11.0/16.0) |
| Family/home indexSuboptimal 3 (%) | 16.9 | 15.5 | 26.1 | 35.3 | 17.5 |
| Maternal IQ (Mean ± SD) | 99.8 ± 15.0 | 102.0 ± 14.4 | 100.9 ± 15.9 | 101.3 ± 14.9 | 100.8 ± 14.8 |
| Maternal smoking in pregnancySmokers (%) | 30.5 | 25.9 | 39.9 | 64.7 | 30.0 |
| Postnatal parental smoking Smokers (%) | 29.0 | 29.3 | 37.7 | 58.8 | 30.4 |
| Maternal binge drinking in pregnancy 4 (%) | 66.8 | 77.8 | 58.0 | 41.2 | 70.1 |
| Child characteristics | |||||
| Sex Male (%) | 47.5 | 53.9 | 54.3 | 41.2 | 50.8 |
| Age at testing, years(Median, 10/90 pctile) | 5.2(5.1/5.3) | 5.2(5.1/5.3) | 5.2(5.1/5.3) | 5.3(5.2/5.3) | 5.2(5.1/5.3) |
| Birth weight, grams | 3608.9± 525.1 | 3635.7± 488.5 | 3575.0± 496.3 | 3351.5± 596.5 | 3613.1± 509.0 |
| Gestational age, days(Median, 10/90 pctile) | 281.0(267.0/293.0) | 282.0(269.0/293.0) | 282.5(268.0/292.0) | 275.0(256.0/294.0) | 282.0(268.0/293.0) |
| Health status Condition/medicine 5 (%) | 3.3 | 2.9 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 3.5 |
| Hearing abilitiesNormal (%) | 96.5 | 94.3 | 95.7 | 88.2 | 95.4 |
| Vision abilitiesNormal (%) | 97.3 | 98.0 | 95.7 | 94.1 | 97.4 |
1. Range 9–14 drinks/week.
2. Single, if single either in pregnancy or at follow-up (60–64 months postpartum).
3. Defined as a score on at least 2 of the following items: single parent household; changes in care giving; day care >8 hrs/day before age 3; 14+ days away from home; irregular breakfast meals; maternal depression; high maternal or paternal alcohol use.
4. Defined as intake of 5 drinks or more at one occasion.
5. Medical conditions or regular medications that may influence test performance.