Table 3.

World Health Organization-expandnet framework-strategic management of the scale up effort

Elements	Characteristics
Communication and advocacy	It is the availability of appropriate approaches and relationships for advocacy on, introduction of, and information about the innovation to reach key audiences
Management and organization	It is the path followed by the scale up process. It stresses the importance of charting out the management process, its pace and scope, whether it is to be centralized or decentralized, whether it is to be adaptive or fixed and who would drive the process
Resources	It stresses the importance of integrating scaling up efforts into national and sub-national work plans and budgets, and of tapping into existing funding mechanisms
Monitoring and evaluation	It stresses the critical importance of monitoring and evaluation using methods such as such as routinely gathered statistics, special surveys and formative and intervention-effectiveness research

Source. WHO 2010. Nine steps for developing a scaling-up strategy, Geneva, Switzerland, World Health Organization