Table 5.
Factors associated with perceived stigma of people with epilepsy (bivariate and multivariate analysis).
| Explanatory variables | Perceived stigma | Bivariate and multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes | No | COR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | |
| Age | ||||
| 18–24 | 38 | 74 | 2.49 (1.01, 6.15) | 2.84 (1.02, 7.92)∗∗ |
| 25–34 | 40 | 96 | 2.02 (0.83, 4.94) | 2.23 (0.82, 6.06) |
| 35–44 | 23 | 34 | 3.29 (1.25, 8.67) | 3.04 (0.34, 9.13) |
| ≥45 | 7 | 34 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Educational status | ||||
| No formal education | 22 | 23 | 2.99 (1.11, 8.03) | 2.52 (0.84, 7.58) |
| 1–8 | 49 | 96 | 1.59 (0.67, 3.79) | 1.24 (0.47, 3.28) |
| 9–12 | 29 | 94 | 0.96 (0.39, 2.37) | 0.72 (0.27, 1.96) |
| 12+ | 8 | 25 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Residence | ||||
| Rural | 33 | 45 | 1.89 (1.12, 3.18) | 0.65 (0.34, 1.22) |
| Urban | 75 | 193 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Difficulty in attending follow-up | ||||
| Yes | 23 | 11 | 5.58 (2.61, 11.95) | 3.15 (1.19, 8.34)∗ |
| No | 85 | 227 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Difficulty in taking medication daily | ||||
| Yes | 18 | 10 | 4.56 (2.03, 10.26) | 2.02 (0.70, 5.81) |
| No | 90 | 228 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Injury during seizure attack | ||||
| Yes | 53 | 81 | 1.87 (1.18, 2.93) | 1.88 (1.12, 3.15)∗ |
| No | 55 | 157 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Contagion belief | ||||
| Yes | 20 | 20 | 2.48 (1.27, 4.83) | 2.37 (1.10, 5.08)∗ |
| No | 88 | 218 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
∗Statistically significant at p value <0.05. ∗∗Statistically significant at p value <0.001.