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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Jul 6;154:236–242. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.06.043

Fig. 2.

Fig. 2

(a) Parameter estimates for the best-fit twin measurement model applied to addiction resistance (AR) to alcohol measured on two separate occasions. A and E refer to the additive genetic and individual specific environmental influences on the latent liability to AR to alcohol. As and Es refer to additive genetic and individual specific environmental influences specific to the individual occasions of measurement of AR to alcohol. The depicted path coefficient represent standardized partial regression coefficient. (b) Parameter estimates for the best-fit twin measurement model applied to addiction resistance (AR) to nicotine measured on two separate occasions. A and E refer to the additive genetic and individual specific environmental influences on the latent liability to AR to nicotine. Es refers to individual specific environmental influences specific to the individual occasions of measurement of AR to nicotine. The depicted path coefficient represent standardized partial regression coefficient. (c) Parameter estimates for the best-fit twin measurement model applied to addiction resistance (AR) to cannabis. A and E refer to the additive genetic and individual specific environmental influences on the latent liability to AR to cannabis. Es refers to individual specific environmental influences specific to the individual occasions of measurement of AR to cannabis. The depicted path coefficient represent standardized partial regression coefficient.