Table 2.
The most common types of library display hosts.
| Library host | Advantages | Examples of library construction |
|---|---|---|
| Phage | (i) Well-described (ii) Peptide libraries widely available |
(i) Peptide libraries on M13 and T7 phage [23, 31] (ii) scFv library on M13 [33] (iii) Fab library on phage lambda [34, 35] (iv) Yeast vaccinia virus antibody fragment library [36] |
|
| ||
| Bacteria | (i) Rapid screening (ii) Use of cell sorting |
(i) Peptide library on E. coli [38, 39] (ii) Antibody fragment on E. coli [40] (iii) Antibody fragment on Staphylococcus carnosus [41] |
|
| ||
| Yeast | (i) Posttranslational modification (ii) Use of cell sorting (iii) Fragment libraries widely available |
(i) Peptide library on Saccharomyces cerevisiae [46] (ii) scFv library on S. cerevisiae [26] (iii) Fab library on Pichia pastoris [48] |
|
| ||
| Mammalian cells | (i) Wider array of posttranslational modifications (ii) Use of cell sorting |
(i) Peptide library on T cells [56] (ii) scFv libraries on HEK-293T, T and B cells [57–59] |
|
| ||
| Ribosome/mRNA | (i) No cell transformation, thus greater library diversity (ii) Easily integrates PCR mutagenesis |
Peptide and antibody fragment displayed on both ribosomes and mRNA [63, 64] |