Table 2.
Unadjusted analyses of antibiotic- and nephrotoxin-related risk factors for aminoglycoside-associated acute kidney injury.
| Variable | Cases (n=82) | Controls (n=164) | Odds ratioa (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aminoglycoside administration | ||||
| Days of AG therapy, median (IQR) | 13 (10-14) | 11 (9-14) | 1.10 (1.02-1.18) | .01 |
| Gentamicin or amikacin administration, n (%) | 3 (3.7) | 11 (6.7) | 0.52 (0.14-1.95) | .33 |
| Tobramycin administered once daily on all AG days | 70 (85.4) | 132 (80.5) | 1.45 (0.68-3.06) | .33 |
| AG dose in mg/kg/dayb, median (IQR) | 9.8 (7.5-10.6) | 9.7 (7.9-10.5) | 0.97 (0.86-1.10) | .63 |
| Concomitant receipt of other antimicrobialsc | ||||
| Cephalosporins | 27 (32.9) | 66 (40.2) | 0.71 (0.40-1.27) | .25 |
| Ceftazidime | 25 (30.5) | 60 (29.4) | 0.74 (0.41-1.34) | .32 |
| Penicillins | 26 (31.7) | 46 (28.1) | 1.21 (0.66-2.26) | .53 |
| Piperacillin/tazobactam | 21 (25.6) | 34 (20.7) | 1.34 (0.70-2.67) | .37 |
| Ticarcillin/clavulanate | 5 (6.1) | 11 (6.7) | 0.90 (0.29-2.77) | .85 |
| Meropenem | 28 (34.2) | 57 (34.8) | 0.97 (0.56-1.69) | .93 |
| Fluoroquinolones | 16 (19.5) | 20 (12.2) | 1.77 (0.85-3.66) | .13 |
| Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole | 42 (51.2) | 38 (23.2) | 3.07 (1.77-5.32) | <.001 |
| Vancomycin | 11 (13.4) | 35 (21.3) | 0.57 (0.27-1.19) | .14 |
| Other anti-staphylococcal antibioticsd | 9 (11.0) | 34 (20.7) | 0.40 (0.17-0.98) | .04 |
| Triazole antifungals | 13 (15.9) | 15 (9.2) | 1.87 (0.84-4.17) | .13 |
| Inhaled colistin or tobramycin | 12 (14.6) | 19 (11.6) | 1.31 (0.60-2.86) | .50 |
| Colistin | 9 (11.0) | 14 (8.5) | 1.32 (0.55-3.18) | .54 |
| Tobramycin | 3 (3.7) | 5 (3.1) | 1.20 (0.29-5.02) | .80 |
| Concomitant receipt of non-antibiotic nephrotoxins | ||||
| Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs | 6 (7.3) | 10 (6.1) | 1.22 (0.43-3.47) | .72 |
| Contrast for computed tomography | 4 (4.9) | 4 (2.4) | 2.00 (0.50-8.00) | .33 |
| Receipt of 2+ concomitant nephrotoxins | 13 (15.9) | 26 (15.9) | 1.00 (0.48-2.09) | 1.00 |
a
Odds ratios and p-values derived by simple conditional logistic regression. Odds ratio >1 signifies increased odds of AKI during admission, <1 signifies decreased odds of AKI.
b
Averaged over entire AG course. Subjects receiving amikacin therapy were excluded for this analysis.
c
Data not displayed for individual agents administered in <5% of the study population.
d
Included clindamycin, doxycycline, and linezolid.