Box 2: Common tools established to estimate CVD risk in the type II diabetic population.

-Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease, the Preterax and Diamicron-MR Controlled Evaluation (ADVANCE) study model. -New Zealand Diabetes Cohort Study (DCS) model. -Australian Fremantle Diabetes Study (FDS) model. -Swedish National Diabetes Register (SNDR) equation. -Chinese Total CHD risk score. -Scottish Diabetes Audit and Research in Tayside, Scotland (DARTS) database model. -US Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) model. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) risk engine model.