The Znf2 and the RAM pathways control distinct aspects of morphogenesis. (A) Diagram of the three morphotypes of Cryptococcus and the Znf2 and RAM pathways. The five RAM pathway components, Cbk1, Kic1, Mob2, Tao3, and Sog2, are depicted, with Cbk1 being the ultimate kinase of this complex [28]. Znf2 is a master activator of filamentation. (B) The cellular morphology of the wild-type H99 strain, the PCTR4-2ZNF2 strain, the znf2Δ mutant, the cbk1Δ mutant, the cbk1Δ znf2Δ double mutant, and the cbk1Δ PCTR4-2ZNF2 strain was examined from cultures in YPD, YPD+copper, and YPD+BCS media. (C) The cellular morphology of the cbk1Δ PCTR4-2ZNF2 strain was examined microscopically after the induction of ZNF2 expression for the indicated time periods.