NHA activity is essential for survival. When driven at 22 °C with actin-GAL4, NHA knockdowns display significantly reduced viability (A, B, and C, light-gray bars). At 26 °C, the effects are stronger, and the double knockdown demonstrates complete lethality (medium-gray bars). At 22 °C, when driven by the strong tubulin-GAL4 driver in the presence of UAS-dicer2, the NHA2 knockdown is almost lethal, and the double knockdown is completely lethal (dark-gray bars). By contrast, control crosses to w1118 (D) showed no lethality at either 22 °C or 26 °C. Emergence of each genotype was calculated by comparing the number of GAL4→UAS-RNAi adult flies that emerged (eclosed) for each cross, to the expected number of eclosures (white bars). Where bars or errors are not visible, they are too small to plot. Significant differences (χ2 test; n = 4) are marked with an asterisk.