. 2015 Sep 15;7:477–488. doi: 10.2147/CEOR.S85213

Table S2.

Overall annual health care burden of RxO abuse: sensitivity analyses

Estimate	France	Germany	Italy	Spain	United Kingdom
Sensitivity A Higher estimate of the percentage of opioid users entering treatment who misuse non-heroin opioids
C_i^*
Prevalence of RxO abuse (% of population aged 15–64 years)	0.391	0.220	0.015	0.015	0.215
K_i
Population aged 15–64 years in 2010 (thousands)	41,001	54,610	39,735	31,389	40,871
J_i
Per patient annual incremental health care costs of RxO abuse	€1,737	€2,551	€1,437	€900	€1,501
L_i^* = C_i^* × K_i × J_i
Annual health care burden of RxO abuse	€278.1 million	€306.7 million	€8.7 million	€4.2 million	€131.9 million
Sensitivity B Lower ratio of incremental health care costs of RxO abusers to those of matched control patients
C_i
Prevalence of RxO abuse (% of population aged 15–64 years)	0.137	0.110	0.008	0.007	0.107
K_i
Population aged 15–64 years in 2010 (thousands)	41,001	54,610	39,735	31,389	40,871
J_i^#
Per patient annual incremental health care costs of RxO abuse	€529	€777	€438	€274	€457
L_i^# = C_i × K_i × J_i^#
Annual health care burden of RxO abuse	€29.8 million	€46.6 million	€1.3 million	€0.6 million	€20.0 million
Sensitivity C Lower estimates of the annual health care costs of chronic pain conditions
C_i
Prevalence of RxO abuse (% of population aged 15–64 years)	0.137	0.110	0.008	0.007	0.107
K_i
Population aged 15–64 years in 2010 (thousands)	41,001	54,610	39,735	31,389	40,871
J_i^‡
Per patient annual incremental health care costs of RxO abuse	€1,737	€772	€783	€603	€1,501
L_i^‡ = C_i × K_i × J_i^‡
Annual health care burden of RxO abuse	€97.9 million	€46.3 million	€2.4 million	€1.3 million	€65.7 million

Notes: All costs are reported in 2013 euros. Calculations for sensitivity A, sensitivity B, and sensitivity C are denoted with

^{*, #, and ‡,}

respectively.

Abbreviation: RxO, prescription opioid.