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. 2015 Sep 4;23(10):2882–2891. doi: 10.1007/s00167-015-3772-8

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© The Author(s) 2015

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

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Fig. 9 — Changing the connection between the tibia and the femur by reducing internal rotation and ‘pre-positioning’ the intercalary tibia results in external rotation loss when measured at the foot. The red arrow represents the zero position in the healthy knee, while the black arrow represents the new zero position of the pre-positioned tibia after extra-articular reconstruction. The red lines represent the extent of internal and external tibial rotation in the healthy knee, and the black lines represent the new extent of tibial rotation after extra-articular reconstruction