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. 2015 Jun 30;17(5):730–736. doi: 10.4103/1008-682X.155532

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Copyright: © Asian Journal of Andrology

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms

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Extracellular microRNAs (ex-miRNAs) participate in intercellular communication. Secreted miRNAs are transported by extracellular vesicles (EVs) and transferred to recipient cells, where they regulate posttranscriptional gene expression. Different types of EVs exist. Membrane-derived exosomes are released from cells as endosomes containing multivesicular bodies (MVB) that fuse with the plasma membrane. Microvesicles (MVs) are released from the plasma membrane via outward budding. Multivesicular cargo (MVC) is released by membrane budding during apocrine secretion. Extracellular vesicles and their miRNA cargo are transferred to recipient cells after endocytosis or membrane fusion.