Table 2.
Characteristics of 12 villages and 432 households, mothers and children included in the pilot study
| Characteristics of participating villages |
District* |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control n=6 |
Intervention n=6 |
Total N=12 |
N=60 |
|||||
| n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
| Village electrification | ||||||||
| None | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 8 | (13) |
| Less than 6 h | 0 | (0) | 2 | (33) | 2 | (17) | 30 | (50) |
| More than 6 h | 6 | (100) | 4 | (67) | 10 | (83) | 22 | (37) |
| Number of health centres | ||||||||
| 0 | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 2 | (3) |
| 1 | 3 | (50) | 5 | (83) | 8 | (67) | 25 | (42) |
| 2 | 2 | (33) | 1 | (17) | 3 | (25) | 16 | (27) |
| 3 | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 13 | (22) |
| 4 | 1 | (17) | 0 | (0) | 1 | (8) | 4 | (7) |
| Proportion in poorest 20%† | ||||||||
| Mean (SD) in % | 14 (1) | 26 (10) | 20(11) | 24 | (15) | |||
| Characteristics of participating households, mothers and children |
|
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control n=216 |
Intervention n=216 |
Total N=432 |
N=1192 |
|||||
| n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |
| Dwelling materials (floor, walls, roof)‡ | ||||||||
| Natural (kachcha) | 31 | (14) | 59 | (27) | 90 | (21) | 389 | (33) |
| Intermediate (semi-pucca) | 154 | (71) | 129 | (60) | 283 | (65) | 720 | (60) |
| Solid (pucca) | 31 | (14) | 28 | (13) | 59 | (14) | 83 | (7) |
| Mother's education (years) | ||||||||
| None (0) | 83 | (38) | 120 | (56) | 203 | (47) | 696 | (58) |
| Some primary (1–5) | 24 | (11) | 18 | (8) | 42 | (10) | 86 | (7) |
| Some upper primary (6–8) | 8 | (4) | 2 | (1) | 10 | (2) | 218 | (18) |
| Some secondary (9–12) | 101 | (47) | 76 | (35) | 177 | (41) | 192 | (16) |
| Child immunisation card? | ||||||||
| No | 249 | (57) | 337 | (67) | 586 | (62) | 680 | (57) |
| Yes | 188 | (43) | 170 | (34) | 358 | (38) | 512 | (42) |
| Child vaccination§ | ||||||||
| None | 12 | (6) | 14 | (7) | 26 | (6) | 58 | (5) |
| Partial | 161 | (75) | 178 | (82) | 339 | (79) | 794 | (67) |
| DTP3 | 78 | (36) | 61 | (28) | 139 | (32) | 497 | (42) |
| Full | 43 | (20) | 24 | (11) | 67 | (16) | 340 | (29) |
*Data for Hardoi district are from a representative sample of 60 villages (1192 households) collected in 2013 and included for purposes of comparison.15
†This is the proportion in the poorest wealth quintile. Wealth quintiles for this 12 village pilot study were calculated using items and methods similar to those for India's major national surveys.15
‡Dwelling characteristics were assessed by observation using definitions drawn from India's major national surveys.15
§‘Full immunisation’ among children 12–23 months is defined as 1 dose of BCG vaccine, 3 doses of polio vaccine, 3 doses of diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) vaccine, and 1 dose of measles vaccine.