Table 3.
Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Korean adults
| Study | Design | Year | No. participants | Age (years) | Criteria | Prevalence (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hwang et al.37 | Healthcare center | 1997 | 2,435 (M 1,761/F 674) | 20–78 | NCEP + WC* | M 21.7/F 11.4 |
| Kim et al.38 | Nationwide survey (KNHANES) | 1998 | 6,147 (M 2,731/F 3,416) | 25–79 (M 44.6/F 46.5) | NCEP + WC* | M 22.1/F 27.8 |
| NCEP + WHR† | M 28.6/F 27.8 | |||||
| Lim et al.15 | Nationwide survey (KNHANES) | 1998 | 7,945 (M 3,592/F 4,353) | >20 (M 43.1/F 43.8) | NCEP + WC* | M 21.5/F 25.4 |
| Lim et al.15 | Nationwide survey (KNHANES) | 2001 | 5,703 (M 2,423/F 3,280) | >20 (M 45.0/F 45.4) | NCEP + WC* | M 26.0/F 29.3 |
| Lim et al.18 | Nationwide survey (KNHANES | 1998 | 6,907 | >20 (mean age 45.0) | Revised NCEP + WC* | M 22.4/ F 27.9 |
| 2001 | 4,536 | >20 (mean age 45.5) | M 26.9/F 31.8 | |||
| 2005 | 5,373 | >20 (mean age 47.1) | M 31.7/F 29.5 | |||
| 2007 | 2,890 | >20 (mean age 49.9) | M 29.0/F 32.9 | |||
| Park et al.39 | Nationwide survey (KNHANES) | 1998 | 6,824 (M 3,057/F 3,767) | 20–80 (M 44.3/F 44.6) | IDF + WC‡ | M 13.5/F 15.0 |
| Park et al.25 | Healthcare center | 2001 | 40,698 (M 26,528/F 14,170) | 20–82 (M 41.4/F 41.1) | NCEP | M 5.2/F 9.0 |
| NCEP + WC* | M 9.8/F 12.4 | |||||
| Choi et al.31 | Healthcare center | 2001 | 1,230 (M 627/F 603) | 30–79 (M 51.3/F 53.5) | WHO + BMI§ | M 21.8/F 19.4 |
| NCEP + WC* | M 34.2/F 38.7 | |||||
| Lim et al.18 | Community-based survey (KoGES) – Rural | 2001 | 5,024 (M 2,240/F 2,784) | 40–69 (M 55.5/F 55.5) | NCEP + WC* | Total 29.3 (M 21.8/F 36.6) |
| Community-based survey (KoGES) – Urban | 2001 | 5,020 (M 2,523/F 2,497) | 40–69 (M 48.6/F 49.6) | NCEP + WC* | Total 22.3 (M 19.9/F 24.5) | |
| Choi et al.40 | Nationwide survey (KNHANES) | 2001 | 5,964 (M 2,583/F 3,381) | >20 (M 44.8/F 45.1) | Revised NCEP | M 17.8/F 20.5 |
| IDF + WC* | M 15.0/F 23.9 | |||||
| Kim et al.33 | Nationwide survey (KNHANES) | 2001 | 4,452 (M 1,883/F 2,569) | >20 (M 45.0/F 45.4) | Revised NCEP + WC* | M 24.6/F 28.1 |
| Revised NCEP + WC‡ | M 24.6/F 23.0 | |||||
| IDF + WC* | M 16.5/F 28.8 | |||||
| IDF + WC‡ | M 16.5/F 18.2 | |||||
| Kim et al.21 | Chongup cohort | 2002 | 1,108 (M 419/F 689) | >40 (mean age 61.1) | NCEP | Total 29.4 (M 19.3/F 35.6) |
| Kwon et al.24 | Chongju cohort | 2003–2004 | 5,330 (M 2,197/F 3,133) | >40 | NCEP | M 17.6/F 30.0 |
| NCEP + WC* | M 26.3/F 40.1 |
F, female; IDF, International Diabetes Federation; KNHANES, Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey; KoGES, Korean Genome Epidemiology Study; M, male; NCEP, National Cholesterol Education Program; WHO, World Health Organization; WC, waist circumference; WHR; waist-to-hip ratio.
NCEP, original NCEP ATP III criteria; Revised NECP, fasting plasma glucose ≥100 mg/dL (≥5.6 mmol/L);
*
WC, WC ≥90 cm (M), ≥80 cm (F);
†
WHR, WHR ≥0.9 (M), ≥0.85 (W);
‡
WC, WC ≥90 cm (M), ≥85 cm (F);
§
BMI, BMI ≥25.0 kg/m2.