Table 3.

Within-group comparisons.^*

		Dominant		Nondominant		Mean percentage of difference (%)
Group	Direction	Mean (Nm/kg)	SD	Mean (Nm/kg)	SD		P
BPP	Flexion	0.64	0.33	0.45	0.37	−30.8	0.009
	Extension	0.48	0.21	0.12	0.17	−76.5	0.001
	Abduction	0.59	0.27	0.36	0.17	−34.5	0.001
	Adduction	0.62	0.29	0.35	0.21	−41.4	0.001
	Int Rotation	0.45	0.25	0.25	0.27	−48.5	0.001
	Ext Rotation	0.31	0.12	0.08	0.06	−72.8	0.001
TD	Flexion	0.49	0.17	0.42	0.12	−10.2	0.041
	Extension	0.39	0.09	0.35	0.12	−10.9	0.062
	Abduction	0.49	0.09	0.44	0.14	−8.2	0.017
	Adduction	0.42	0.09	0.39	0.09	−6.4	0.286
	Int Rotation	0.33	0.13	0.32	0.11	0.2	0.790
	Ext Rotation	0.24	0.06	0.23	0.04	−2.2	0.374

^*Mean strength and standard deviation (SD) of both shoulders of children with brachial plexus palsy (BPP) and typical development (TD). The mean percentage of difference was calculated using the percentage (strength of the non-dominant arm- strength of the dominant arm) over (strength of the dominant arm)*100 of each child.