Table 5.
Shoulder strength balance in extension/flexion, abduction/adduction, and external/internal rotation in children with brachial plexus palsy (BPP) and typical development (TD).*
| Extension/flexion ratio |
Abduction/adduction ratio |
External/internal rotation ratio |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Side/children | Mean (%) | SD | P | Mean (%) | SD | P | Mean (%) | SD | P | |
| BPP | Dominant | 78.2 | 16.3 | 0.002 | 107.1 | 26.8 | 0.363 | 71.9 | 15.0 | 0.112 |
| Non dominant | 29.4 | 41.7 | 110.4 | 79.8 | 45.5 | 54.8 | ||||
| TD | Dominant | 86.0 | 23.1 | 1 | 92.6 | 21.3 | 0.959 | 76.7 | 16.6 | 0.657 |
| Non dominant | 85.4 | 21.0 | 94.8 | 25.6 | 76.8 | 26.0 | ||||
| Dominant | BPP | 78.2 | 16.3 | 0.337 | 107.1 | 26.8 | 0.243 | 71.9 | 15.0 | 0.622 |
| TD | 86.0 | 23.1 | 92.6 | 21.3 | 76.7 | 16.6 | ||||
| Nondominant | BPP | 29.4 | 41.7 | 0.001 | 110.4 | 79.8 | 0.697 | 45.5 | 54.8 | 0.031 |
| TD | 85.4 | 21.0 | 94.8 | 25.6 | 76.8 | 26.0 | ||||
*
The mean ratios were calculated using the strength ratios of extension over flexion, abduction over adduction, and external over internal rotation of each child.
SD, standard deviation.