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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 22.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Body Compos Res. 2013;11(3-4):85–96.

Table 3.

Partial Pearson correlations of BMI versus %FM and FMI to nine CVD risk factors by race-ethnicity: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004 a, b, c.

8-19 years 12-19 years
Race-ethnicity and
total body adiposity		 n SBP
(mmHg)		 DBP
(mmHg)		 n TC
(mg/dL)		 HDL-C
(mg/dL)		 CRP
(mg/dL)		 n TG
(mg/dL)		 LDL-C
(mg/dL)		 Glucose
(mg/dL)		 Insulin
(μU/mL)
All youth
%FM 5597 0.12† 0.03 6549 0.19* −0.25† 0.48 2227 0.28 0.23 0.09 0.51*
FMI (kg/m2) 5597 0.17* 0.02 6549 0.18* −0.31* 0.52 2227 0.30 0.22 0.11 0.58
BMI (kg/m2) 5597 0.22 0.01 6549 0.13 −0.34 0.50 2227 0.28 0.19 0.11 0.59
Mexican Americans
%FM 1998 0.14* 0.03 2281 0.23 −0.25* 0.48 768 0.35 0.25 0.15 0.55*
FMI (kg/m2) 1998 0.18 0.02 2281 0.22 −0.31 0.51 768 0.39 0.27 0.16 0.62
BMI (kg/m2) 1998 0.21 0.00 2281 0.19 −0.34 0.47 768 0.38 0.25 0.16 0.62
Non-Hispanic Whites
%FM 1454 0.13* 0.02 1646 0.19* −0.24* 0.50 581 0.27 0.19 0.06 0.51
FMI (kg/m2) 1454 0.18 0.02 1646 0.17 −0.31 0.53 581 0.29 0.19 0.09 0.57
BMI (kg/m2) 1454 0.22 0.00 1646 0.12 −0.35 0.50 581 0.28 0.16 0.11 0.59
Non-Hispanic Blacks
%FM 1711 0.11* 0.04 2123 0.15* −0.23* 0.47 703 0.26 0.23 0.17 0.55
FMI (kg/m2) 1711 0.16 0.04 2123 0.13 −0.28 0.50 703 0.29 0.22 0.19 0.61
BMI (kg/m2) 1711 0.20 0.02 2123 0.08 −0.32 0.48 703 0.30 0.18 0.19 0.61
a

Abbreviations: %FM for percent fat mass, FMI for fat mass index calculated as total body fat in kg divided by the square of height in meters, BMI for body mass index calculated as body weight in kg divided by the square of height in meters, CVD for cardiovascular disease, SBP for systolic blood pressure, DBP for diastolic blood pressure, TC for total cholesterol, HDL-C for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, CRP for C-reactive protein, TG for triglycerides, and LDL-C for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

b

All variables were log-transformed except SBP and DBP. For analysis by ethnicity, Pearson correlation coefficients were adjusted for age in years and gender. For analysis in all youth, race-ethnicity was additionally adjusted for. Survey year (1999-2002 and 2003-2004) was additionally adjusted for in the correlation analyses regarding fasting insulin.

c

Within each race-ethnicity group and CVD risk factor, correlation coefficients of BMI was compared to those of %FM and FMI, respectively. Comparisons were not made between correlation coefficients of %FM and FMI and between race-ethnicity groups.

*

Significantly different from the correlation coefficient between BMI and CVD risk factor of interest at α = 0.05 level.

†

Significantly different from the correlation coefficient between BMI and CVD risk factor of interest, P < 0.000195 (equivalent to P < 0.05 after Bonferroni-correction).