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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Sep 22.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Body Compos Res. 2013;11(3-4):85–96.

Table 5.

Partial Pearson correlations of BMI versus %FM and FMI to nine CVD risk factors by gender and age: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004a, b, c.

Blood pressure Fasting and nonfasting blood CVD risk factors Fasting blood CVD risk factors
Gender, age group
and total body fat		 n SBP
(mmHg)		 DBP
(mmHg)		 n TC
(mg/dL)		 HDL-C
(mg/dL)		 CRP
(mg/dL)		 n TG
(mg/dL)		 LDL-C
(mg/dL)		 Glucose
(mg/dL)		 Insulin
(μU/mL)
Boys
8 - 11 years
   %FM 683 0.21 0.19 859 0.14 −0.32 0.57 - - - - -
   FMI (kg/m2) 683 0.27 0.19 859 0.13 −0.33 0.58 - - - - -
   BMI (kg/m2) 683 0.31 0.18 859 0.12 −0.32 0.56 - - - - -
12 - 19 years
   %FM 2653 0.10* −0.02 3069 0.27 −0.32* 0.47 1370 0.36 0.28 0.13 0.56*
   FMI (kg/m2) 2653 0.15* −0.03 3069 0.26 −0.37 0.50 1370 0.38 0.28 0.14 0.62
   BMI (kg/m2) 2653 0.20 −0.03 3069 0.22 −0.38 0.48 1370 0.37 0.26 0.15 0.64
Girls
8 - 11 years
   %FM 479 0.16 0.03 599 0.08 −0.37 0.56 - - - -
   FMI (kg/m2) 479 0.20 0.03 599 0.05 −0.40 0.57 - - - -
   BMI (kg/m2) 479 0.23 0.02 599 0.02 −0.40 0.53 - - - -
12 - 19 years
   %FM 1782 0.18 −0.01 2022 0.14 −0.22 0.47 857 0.17 0.14 0.05 0.48
   FMI (kg/m2) 1782 0.20 −0.02 2022 0.11 −0.25 0.52 857 0.17 0.13 0.06 0.54
   BMI (kg/m2) 1782 0.20 −0.03 2022 0.08 −0.26 0.52 857 0.15 0.11 0.06 0.54
a

Abbreviations: %FM for percent fat mass, FMI for fat mass index calculated as total body fat in kg divided by the square of height in meters, BMI for body mass index calculated as body weight in kg divided by the square of height in meters, CVD for cardiovascular disease, SBP for systolic blood pressure, DBP for diastolic blood pressure, TC for total cholesterol, HDL-C for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, CRP for C-reactive protein, TG for triglycerides, and LDL-C for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.

b

All variables were log-transformed except SBP and DBP. Pearson correlation coefficients were adjusted for age in years and race-ethnicity. Survey year (1999-2002 and 2003-2004) was additionally adjusted for in the correlation analyses regarding fasting insulin.

c

Within each gender-age group and CVD risk factor, correlation coefficient of BMI was compared to those of %FM and FMI, respectively. Comparisons were not made between correlation coefficients of %FM and FMI and between gender-age groups.

*

Significantly different from the correlation coefficient between BMI and CVD risk factor of interest at α = 0.05 level.

†

Significantly different from the correlation coefficient between BMI and CVD risk factor of interest, P < 0.000195 (equivalent to P < 0.05 after Bonferroni-correction).