(a)
| Time, h | RB | RBCUR | RBHYD | RBAA | RBARG | RBLA | RBKA | MUL | CTRL |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (i) The percentage of wound closure of NIH 3T3 cell treated with 10% RB maltodextrin (DE 10–14) with 50 ppm of various additives | |||||||||
| 0 | 0.00 ± 0.00a A | ||||||||
| 3 | 5.69 ± 3.05a A | 9.23 ± 0.00b AB | 6.43 ± 1.84a A | 6.16 ± 3.37a A | 8.64 ± 3.92ab AB | 5.81 ± 3.80ab A | 4.82 ± 4.43a A | 0.00 ± 0.00a A | 12.04 ± 0.53b D |
| 6 | 15.72 ± 5.95b A | 15.38 ± 0.00b A | 18.21 ± 8.87ab A | 13.43 ± 4.89b A | 18.06 ± 5.25bc A | 15.48 ± 3.92b A | 10.66 ± 5.63ab A | 21.17 ± 1.72b BC | |
| 9 | 23.85 ± 3.20b A | 20.00 ± 0.00d A | 28.21 ± 9.27bc A | 20.34 ± 0.60b A | 24.61 ± 3.51cd A | 19.35 ± 6.64c A | 23.35 ± 9.56bc A | 29.93 ± 4.63d DE | |
| 12 | 40.38 ± 4.81c B | 26.92 ± 0.00c AB | 35.36 ± 12.31cd B | 28.92 ± 0.87c A | 30.63 ± 2.85d AB | 32.90 ± 4.06c AB | 31.98 ± 7.20cd AB | 36.86 ± 1.47c B | |
| 24 | 100.00 ± 0.00d C | 50.77 ± 0.00d B | 50.36 ± 2.86d B | 47.76 ± 3.33d B | 46.86 ± 7.78e B | 42.90 ± 0.54d A | 41.12 ± 6.36d AB | 100.00 ± 0.00d A | |
|
| |||||||||
| (ii) The percentage of wound closure of NIH 3T3 cell treated with 10% RB maltodextrin (DE 10–14) with 100 ppm of various additives | |||||||||
| 0 | 0.00 ± 0.00a A | ||||||||
| 3 | 19.23 ± 1.65b C | 15.79 ± 0.00a B | 16.40 ± 0.17b C | 14.81 ± 1.44b BC | 16.33 ± 1.79b E | 17.74 ± 0.00b C | 12.10 ± 0.62b A | 0.00 ± 0.00a A | |
| 6 | 32.69 ± 0.70b A | 29.82 ± 2.11b BC | 28.95 ± 4.96c BC | 23.33 ± 6.06c BC | 31.78 ± 0.92c C | 28.09 ± 0.75c AB | 21.66 ± 0.00c A | ||
| 9 | 48.73 ± 2.32c BC | 42.11 ± 6.88b CD | 36.36 ± 4.73d DE | 30.23 ± 1.52c CD | 38.32 ± 0.78d E | 34.83 ± 0.00c AB | 29.26 ± 0.31d A | ||
| 12 | 61.13 ± 1.39d D | 52.97 ± 3.68c D | 51.52 ± 2.72e C | 47.78 ± 1.90d C | 47.66 ± 0.75d C | 44.94 ± 4.49d B | 32.98 ± 0.56e A | ||
| 24 | 100.00 ± 0.00e A | 100.00 ± 0.00d A | 100.00 ± 0.00f A | 100.00 ± 0.00e A | 100.00 ± 0.00e A | 100.00 ± 0.00e A | 100.00 ± 0.00f A | ||