Table 3. Reference intervals of seven steroids in Korean subjects in comparison with previously published LC-MS/MS data.

	Present study				From reference 20*		From reference 21†	From reference 22‡
	Premature (N=76) Median (2.5-97.5th percentile) (ng/mL)	Full-term (N=78) Median (2.5-97.5th percentile) (ng/mL)	Children (N= 89) Median (2.5-97.5th percentile) (ng/mL)	Adult (N=100) Median (2.5-97.5th percentile) (ng/mL)	Neonate (N=27-108)	Children (N=17-118)	Neonates and children (N=5)	Premature	Full term	Children	Adult
Cortisol	10.42 (<0.50-75.70)	8.36 (<1.00-70.58)	33.25 (3.53-117.14)	47.96 (1.63-139.26)	1.85-191.68	11.52-184.95	51.1-122.9	10-110	17-140	30-210	8-190
Androstenedione	<0.50 (<0.50-1.52)	<0.50 (<0.50-0.72)	<0.50 (<0.50-1.54)	0.68 (<0.50-1.96)	0-0.73	0-1.85	0-0.9	0.50-9.35	<0.1-2.79	<0.1-1.92	0.44-1.86
17-hydroxyprogesterone	1.25 (<0.50-8.25)	<0.50 (<0.50-1.49)	<0.50 (<0.50-1.43)	<0.50 (<0.50-2.23)	0-1.59	0-1.37	1.6-2.7	0.64-35.59	0.1-8.29	0.1-2.35	0.53-3.57
11-deoxycortisol	0.64 (<0.50-6.37)	<0.50 (<0.50-1.28)	<0.50 (<0.50-3.36)	<0.50 (<0.50-1.06)	0-1.83	0-0.79	1.8-2.7	0.48-13.76	0.48-13.76	0.12-1.55	0.12-1.58
21-deoxycortisol	<0.50 (<0.50-1.29)	<0.50 (<0.50-1.53)	<0.50 (<0.50-1.11)	<0.50 (<0.50-0.81)	nd	nd	0-0.7	nd	nd	nd	nd
Corticosterone	1.06 (<0.50-7.36)	0.60 (<0.50-5.36)	0.75 (<0.50-3.23)	1.07 (<0.50-7.25)	0.05-6.92	0.15-5.27	0.7-3.6	nd	nd	nd	nd
11-deoxycorticosterone	<0.50 (<0.50-0.28)	<0.50 (<0.50-0.29)	<0.50 (<0.50-0.24)	<0.50 (<0.50-0.07)	nd	nd	0.3-1.4	0.20-1.05	0.07-0.49	0.02-0.34	0.02-0.19

^*Multiethnic population, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ^†The Paediatric Hospital, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany; ^‡Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Abbreviations: LC-MS/MS, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; nd, not done.