Table 2. Adjusted Differences in HRQOL Measures in the SHS-Exposure Group Compared with the Unexposed Group.* .
| HRQOL measures | Variable Estimate (SE) | 95% CI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| EQ-5D dimension † | |||
| Mobility | 0.127 (0.091) | -0.052–0.305 | 0.162 |
| Self-care | -0.013 (0.162) | -0.331–0.304 | 0.934 |
| Usual activities | 0.087 (0.111) | -0.130–0.304 | 0.430 |
| Pain/discomfort | 0.104 (0.074) | -0.042–0.250 | 0.161 |
| Anxiety/depression | 0.134 (0.088) | -0.039–0.307 | 0.129 |
| EQ-5D index | -0.007 (0.003) | -0.013 –-0.002 | 0.005 |
| EQ-VAS score | -1.936 (0.455) | -2.830 –-1.042 | <0.001 |
HRQOL: health-related quality of life, SHS: second-hand smoke, CI: confidence interval.
*Adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, education, employed status, individual economic status, any alcohol use, marital status, and any comorbid condition (diabetes mellitus, hypertension, depression, stroke, osteoarthritis, asthma).
† Calculated using polynomial ordinal logistic regression analysis, evaluating the variable estimate (ß coefficient) for higher problem level in each dimension.