Table 2. Occurrence of original pre-coloniser, invading fungi and attached cords from disks over experimental treatments A–C.
| Experiment | Pre-coloniser | Pre-col time (mo) | Density (g cm−3) | Release season |
% Disks |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Original pre-coloniser |
Invading fungi |
Attached cords |
||||||||||||||
| Months | 6 | 12 | 18 | 24 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 24 | 6 | 12 | 18 | 24 | ||||
| A1 | ||||||||||||||||
| Effect of time in field | 3 | 0.486 | Sept 2011 | — | — | — | — | 80 | 90 | 70 | 50 | 60 | 30 | 40 | 12.5 | |
| V. comedensa | 3 | 0.481 | Sept 2011 | 81.8 | 18.2 | 0 | 0 | 45.5 | 63.6 | 77.8 | 80 | 9.1 | 45.5 | 33.3 | 20 | |
| H. fragiformea | 3 | 0.444b | Sept 2011 | 22.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66.7 | 90 | 66.7 | 66.7 | 44.4 | 30 | 11.1 | 11.1 | |
| B. nummulariaa | 3 | 0.473b,c | Sept 2011 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 80 | 80 | 50 | 37.5 | 40 | 40 | 37.5 | |
| T. versicolora | 3 | 0.443b | Sept 2011 | 100 | 80 | 80 | 9.1 | 22.2 | 80 | 100 | 72.7 | 0 | 30 | 20 | 18.2 | |
| S. hirsutuma | 3 | 0.450b | Sept 2011 | 90 | 88.9 | 60 | 80 | 40 | 22.2 | 90 | 80 | 10 | 11.1 | 10 | 60 | |
| B. adustaa | 3 | 0.460b | Sept 2011 | 100 | 60 | 40 | 0 | 33.3 | 60 | 80 | 88.9 | 0 | 50 | 20 | 22.2 | |
| H. fascicularea | 3 | 0.469b | Sept 2011 | 100 | 80 | 85.7 | 57.1 | 11.1 | 80 | 100 | 100 | 33.3 | 50 | 14.3 | 71.4 | |
| P. velutina | 3 | 0.481b | Sept 2011 | 100 | 90 | 66.7 | 50 | 0 | 20 | 11.1 | 50 | 100 | 70 | 55.6 | 16.7 | |
| P. impudicus | 3 | — | Sept 2011 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 66.7 | 90 | 50 | 90 | 44.4 | 40 | 20 | 40 | |
| A2 | ||||||||||||||||
| Effect of season of placement in the field | Control | 3 | — | Dec 2011 | — | — | — | — | 100 | 83.3 | — | — | 11.1 | 16.7 | — | — |
| V. comedens | 3 | — | Dec 2011 | 40 | 0 | — | — | 100 | 100 | — | — | 0 | 22.2 | — | — | |
| T. versicolor | 3 | — | Dec 2011 | 100 | 85.7 | — | — | 100 | 85.7 | — | — | 20 | 0 | — | — | |
| H. fasciculare | 3 | — | Dec 2011 | 100 | 100 | — | — | 100 | 100 | — | — | 11.1 | 66.7 | — | — | |
| Control | 3 | — | Mar 2012 | — | — | — | — | 50 | 75 | — | — | 50 | 62.5 | — | — | |
| V. comedens | 3 | — | Mar 2012 | 20 | 0 | — | — | 60 | 33.3 | — | — | 40 | 16.7 | — | — | |
| H. fragiforme | 3 | — | Mar 2012 | 11.1 | 0 | — | — | 88.9 | 42.9 | — | — | 22.2 | 0 | — | — | |
| B. nummularia | 3 | — | Mar 2012 | 11.1 | 0 | — | — | 77.8 | 50 | — | — | 44.4 | 25 | — | — | |
| T. versicolor | 3 | — | Mar 2012 | 100 | 77.8 | — | — | 55.6 | 66.7 | — | — | 11.1 | 11.1 | — | — | |
| S. hirsutum | 3 | — | Mar 2012 | 88.9 | 71.4 | — | — | 55.6 | 71.4 | — | — | 22.2 | 42.9 | — | — | |
| B. adusta | 3 | — | Mar 2012 | 90 | 75 | — | — | 40 | 62.5 | — | — | 30 | 25 | — | — | |
| H. fasciculare | 3 | — | Mar 2012 | 100 | 100 | — | — | 42.9 | 100 | — | — | 28.6 | 25 | — | — | |
| P. velutina | 3 | — | Mar 2012 | 100 | 100 | — | — | 12.5 | 100 | — | — | 100 | 100 | — | — | |
| P. impudicus | 3 | — | Mar 2012 | 0 | 0 | — | — | 66.7 | 66.7 | — | — | 33.3 | 55.6 | — | — | |
| Control | 3 | — | Jun 2012 | — | — | — | — | 100 | 100 | — | — | 25 | 37.5 | — | — | |
| V. comedens | 3 | — | Jun 2012 | 25 | 0 | — | — | 100 | 25 | — | — | 25 | 0 | — | — | |
| T. versicolor | 3 | — | Jun 2012 | 66.7 | 66.7 | — | — | 77.8 | 100 | — | — | 22.2 | 0 | — | — | |
| H. fasciculare | 3 | — | Jun 2012 | 100 | 100 | — | — | 100 | 100 | — | — | 100 | 0 | — | — | |
| B | ||||||||||||||||
| Effect of length of pre-colonisation | Control | 3 | — | Sept 2012 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| V. comedens | 6 | 0.457a | Sept 2012 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| H. fragiforme | 6 | 0.440 | Sept 2012 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| B. nummularia | 6 | 0.430b,c | Sept 2012 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| T. versicolor | 6 | 0.408b | Sept 2012 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| S. hirsutum | 6 | 0.449b | Sept 2012 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| B. adusta | 6 | 0.428b | Sept 2012 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| P. velutina | 6 | 0.440b,c | Sept 2012 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| C | ||||||||||||||||
| Effect of short-term variation in field placement date | Control | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +2 wks | — | — | — | — | 80 | — | — | — | 10 | — | — | — |
| Control | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +4 wks | — | — | — | — | 80 | — | — | — | 30 | — | — | — | |
| Control | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +6 wks | — | — | — | — | 44.4 | — | — | — | 11.1 | — | — | — | |
| V. comedens | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +2 wks | 100 | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | |
| V. comedens | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +4 wks | 100 | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | |
| V. comedens | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +6 wks | 63.6 | — | — | — | 36.4 | — | — | — | 36.4 | — | — | — | |
| T. versicolor | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +2 wks | 100 | — | — | — | 11.1 | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | |
| T. versicolor | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +4 wks | 100 | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | 20 | — | — | — | |
| T. versicolor | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +6 wks | 90 | — | — | — | 20 | — | — | — | 10 | — | — | — | |
| H. fasciculare | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +2 wks | 100 | — | — | — | 10 | — | — | — | 70 | — | — | — | |
| H. fasciculare | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +4 wks | 100 | — | — | — | 25 | — | — | — | 100 | — | — | — | |
| H. fasciculare | 3 | — | Sept 2011 +6 wks | 100 | — | — | — | 0 | — | — | — | 66.7 | — | — | — | |
Abbreviations: mo, months; wks, weeks.
Nearly all disks pre-colonised with H. fasciculare set out after September 2012 disappeared, although disks colonised by other species set out at the same time were recovered; this selective removal was presumed to be due to mammal activity. Data are shown as graphs in Supplementary Figures 2A and E.
a
Samples used for DNA extraction and pyrosequencing (12-month harvest)
b
Density of colonised disks were significantly (P<0.05) different from density of uncolonised control disks
c
Density of disks after 6 months colonisation was significantly (P<0.05) lower (that is, more decayed) than after 3 months.