Table 3.
Domain | Predictor | Number of studies | |
---|---|---|---|
Personal | Predictor for NSSI during follow-up, existing before baseline | Predictor for NSSI during follow-up, measured at baseline | |
Gender | Female gender | 11 | |
NSSI | (Previous) NSSI | 6 | 6 |
Lifetime NSSI methods | 1 | ||
NSSI thoughts | 1 | ||
Low implicit and explicit aversion to NSSI stimuli | 1 | ||
Forecasting future NSSI | 1 | ||
Suicidality | History of suicide attempt | 3 | |
Suicidal ideation | 3 | ||
Psychiatric symptoms | Depressive symptoms | 7 | |
Conduct disorder/problems | 3 | ||
Anxiety | 2 | ||
BPD features (e.g. emotional reactivity, unstable relationship, unstable sense of self-image) | 2 | ||
Drug and alcohol use impairment | 2 | ||
Neurologic or psychiatric disease | 1 | ||
Persistent psychotic experiences | 1 | ||
Psychological impairment | Psychological distress | 5 | |
Hopelessness | 2 | ||
Emotional problems | 1 | ||
Problem behaviors | 1 | ||
Lower self-esteem | 1 | ||
Greater internalizing problems | 1 | ||
Behavioral impulsivity | 1 | ||
Negative emotions | 1 | ||
Rumination | 1 | ||
Attachment anxiety | 1 | ||
Life events | More stressful or negative life events | 2 | |
Early sexual debut | 1 | ||
Physical and sexual abuse | 1 | ||
Other | Negative attributional style | 3 | |
Negative cognitive style | 1 | ||
Excessive reassurance seeking | 1 | ||
Being single (male) | 1 | ||
Non-heterosexual sexual interest | 1 | ||
Younger age | 1 | ||
Family | Onset of parental depression | 1 | |
Lower perceived family support | 1 | ||
Problems with parents | 1 | ||
Social | Friends’ engagement in NSSI | 2 | |
Social adaption problems/ | 1 | ||
Problems with peers | 1 | ||
Lack of social support | 1 | ||
Relationship problems | 1 | ||
Negative interactions | |||
Protective | Higher self esteem | 2 | |
Social support | 1 | ||
Cognitive reappraisal | 1 | ||
Parental care | 1 |
Number of studies: Number of studies describing the specified predictor.
Only predictors for NSSI at follow-up were included.