Table 2.
Negative impact of sleeve gastrectomy on gastroesophageal reflux disease
| Ref. | Nature of the study | Patients, n | Pre-operative BMI (kg/m2) | GERD evaluation | Follow-up (mo) | GERD (%) Preop | GERD (%) Postop |
| Himpens et al[21], 2006 | Prospective randomized: GB vs LSG | 40 | 39 | Clinical evaluation | 36 | - | De Novo |
| At 1 yr: 21.8% | |||||||
| At 3 yr: 3.1% | |||||||
| Arias et al[23], 2009 | Retrospective review | 130 | 43.2 | NA | 36 | 0 | De novo: 2.1% |
| Braghetto et al[25], 2010 | Retrospective review, and literature review | 167 | 37 ± 4.4 | Clinical score: EGD, EM | - | - | Increase |
| Braghetto et al[26], 2010 | Retrospective review | 20 | 38.3 | Clinical score: EM | - | - | Increase |
| Lakdawala et al[27], 2010 | Retrospective review | 50 | - | - | 12 | - | Increase |
| Himpens et al[22], 2010 | Retrospective review | 30 | 39.9 | NA | 72 | 3.30% | 23% |
| Carter et al[28], 2011 | Retrospective review | 176 | 46.6 | Clinical evaluation | 24 | 34.60% | 47.2% |
| 33.8% (of total) under medication | |||||||
| Howard et al[29], 2011 | Retrospective review | 28 | 55.5 | Clinical evaluation UGICS | 8 | 7 (25%) | 11 (39%) |
| De novo: 18% | |||||||
| Soricelli et al[24], 2013 | Retrospective review: SG + HHR | 378 | 44 ± 3.5 | Clinical score: EGD, UGICS, EM. 24-h pH | 18 | 60/378 (15.8%) | 71/ 378 (18.7%) |
| SG: 19/281 (6.7%) | SG: 68 (24%) | ||||||
| SG+HHR: 41/97 (42%) | SG+HHR: 3/97 (3.1%) | ||||||
| Sieber et al[30], 2014 | Retrospective review | 68 | 43 ± 8 | Clinical evaluation: EGD, UGICS, EM | 60 | 50% | Persistance : 44.1% |
| De novo: 16% | |||||||
| Gorodner et al[31], 2014 | Retrospective review. Influence of LSG on GERD | 14 | 40 ± 6 | Demeester score: BM, EGD, EM. 24-h pH | 14 | 4 (29%) | 9 (64%) |
| Burgerhart et al[32], 2014 | Prospective study | 20 | 47.6 ± 6.1 | RDQ; EM. 24-h pH | 3 | 14 (70%) | Persistance: 8 (57%) |
| Acid exposure: 4.1 % | No change: 2 (14%) | ||||||
| Worsening: 6 (43%) | |||||||
| De novo: 10% | |||||||
| Acid exposure: 12% | |||||||
| Dupree et al[33], 2014 | Retrospective review | 4832 | 47 ± 9 | Clinical evaluation | 36 | 44.50% | Persistence: 84.1% |
| De novo: 8.6% | |||||||
| Total: 13 studies |
LSG: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy; GERD: Gastroesophageal reflux disease; BM: Barium meal; EGD: Esophogastroduodenoscopy; EM: Esophageal manometry; HHR: Hiatal hernia repair; UGICS: Upper gastrointestinal contrast study; NA: Not available; GB: Gastric banding; RDQ: Reflux-disease questionnaire.