Table 4.
Cardiovascular Research Publications and Annual Change From Countries in Africa (1999–2008)
| Region | Country | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | Annual Change |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Eastern Africa | Burundi | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) |
| Comoros | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Djibouti | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Eritrea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 (−0.1, 0.2) | |
| Ethiopia | 2.5 | 0.5 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 0.3 | 6.4 | 5 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 5.0 | 0.2 (−0.2, 0.7) | |
| Kenya | 5.4 | 3.1 | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.9 | 0.1 | 2 | 2.1 | −0.3 (−0.6, 0.1) | |
| Madagascar | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.4 | 0 | 1.3 | 0.1 (0, 0.2) | |
| Malawi | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.6 | 2.6 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 0.2 (0, 0.3) | |
| Mauritius | 0 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 (−0.2, 0.1) | |
| Mozambique | 0.4 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 0 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 1.7 | 0.4 | 0.1 (0, 0.3) | |
| Rwanda | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Seychelles | 0.1 | 0.9 | 0 | 0.4 | 1 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.3 | 0.6 | 0.1 (0, 0.1) | |
| Somalia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Tanzania | 3 | 2.5 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 1.6 | 0.1 | 2.3 | 0.2 | 1.0 | −0.2 (−0.4, 0) | |
| Uganda | 1.3 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0 | 2.9 | 1 | 1 | 2.3 | 0.1 (−0.1, 0.3) | |
| Zambia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (−0.1, 0.1) | |
| Zimbabwe | 1.4 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0.1 | −0.2 (−0.4, 0) | |
| Region | 14.1 | 11.6 | 6.6 | 6.9 | 5.2 | 9.7 | 13.7 | 9.0 | 8.9 | 14.6 | 0.1 (−0.6, 0.9) | |
| Middle Africa | Angola | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0 (0, 0.1) |
| Cameroon | 2.3 | 1.8 | 3.9 | 5.4 | 4.4 | 1.3 | 2.9 | 4.8 | 8.0 | 7.1 | 0.5 (0.1, 0.9) | |
| Central Afr. Rep. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Chad | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 (−0.1, 0) | |
| Dem. Rep. of the Congo | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 1 | 2.2 | 0.1 (0, 0.23) | |
| Equ. Guinea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Gabon | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 1.2 | 0.1 (0, 0.1) | |
| Rep. of Congo | 2.8 | 0 | 1 | 1.3 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.4 | 0 (−0.3, 0.1) | |
| Sao Tome & Principe | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Region | 5.6 | 3.8 | 4.9 | 6.7 | 5.6 | 1.3 | 3.2 | 5.2 | 10.4 | 11.3 | 0.5 (−0.1, 1.1) | |
| Northern Africa | Algeria | 1 | 0.2 | 3 | 1.7 | 5.8 | 2.8 | 4.9 | 3.5 | 9.6 | 11.2 | 1.0 (0.6, 1.5) |
| Egypt | 22.8 | 28.5 | 27.3 | 39.1 | 26.5 | 39.0 | 31.9 | 35.1 | 62.0 | 80.8 | 4.8 (2.2, 7.3) | |
| Libya | 1 | 1.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 1.5 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 0.3 (0, 0.6) | |
| Morocco | 17.1 | 13.2 | 17.1 | 22.4 | 16.5 | 12.2 | 10.2 | 20.0 | 22.7 | 31.7 | 1.0 (−0.2, 2.3) | |
| Sudan | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 | 4.5 | 1.3 | 0.3 (0.1, 0.5) | |
| Tunisia | 11.6 | 9.3 | 22.2 | 9.7 | 16.3 | 28.2 | 28.8 | 40.3 | 43.5 | 54.1 | 4.7 (3.4, 6.1) | |
| Region | 54.0 | 52.6 | 69.6 | 72.8 | 65.0 | 83.1 | 76.7 | 101.4 | 146.4 | 182.7 | 12.1 (7.3, 17.0) | |
| Southern Africa | Botswana | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1.2 | 0.7 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.1 (0, 0.2) |
| Lesotho | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Namibia | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| South Africa | 94.1 | 95.7 | 86.5 | 76.5 | 63.3 | 68.6 | 86.3 | 90.3 | 84.0 | 126.7 | 1.6 (−2.2, 5.4) | |
| Swaziland | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Region | 94.4 | 95.7 | 86.8 | 76.5 | 64.3 | 68.6 | 87.5 | 91.3 | 84.0 | 127.6 | 1.7 (−2.2, 5.5) | |
| Western Africa | Benin | 0 | 1.3 | 0 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1.1 | 0.1 (−0.1, 0.2) |
| Burkina Faso | 0.4 | 2.5 | 0 | 3.4 | 0 | 0.8 | 0 | 0.1 | 1.4 | 0.2 | −0.1 (−0.4, 0.2) | |
| Gambia | 0 | 1.1 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.2 | −0.1 (−0.4, 0.1) | |
| Ghana | 1.1 | 3.1 | 0 | 0.2 | 2.1 | 1.2 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 1.7 | 1 | 0 (−0.2, 0.3) | |
| Guinea | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Guinea‐Bissau | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Ivory Coast | 1 | 1 | 2.3 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.5 | 2 | 0.6 | 3.3 | 4.5 | 0.3 (0, 0.5) | |
| Liberia | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Mali | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Mauritania | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Niger | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | −0.01 (−0.09, 0.08) | |
| Nigeria | 15.2 | 11.8 | 7 | 11.4 | 9.7 | 16.7 | 17.2 | 28.7 | 22.1 | 52.6 | 3.3 (1.3, 5.3) | |
| Senegal | 0 | 0.3 | 1 | 0 | 2.2 | 1.5 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 0.2 (0.1, 0.4) | |
| Sierra Leone | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Togo | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 (0, 0) | |
| Region | 17.7 | 21.2 | 14.3 | 16.1 | 18.3 | 21.2 | 24.7 | 34.1 | 32.2 | 61.3 | 3.6 (1.6, 5.6) | |
| Africa | 185.8 | 185.0 | 182.1 | 178.9 | 158.6 | 183.9 | 205.8 | 240.8 | 282.0 | 397.5 | 18.1 (7.4, 28.8) | |