Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics
| GD Group (n=3056) | NGD Group (n=2920) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 69±13 | 71±12 | <0.001 |
| Male gender | 1820 (59.6%) | 1708 (58.5%) | 0.404 |
| Follow‐up (months) | 47±27 | 43±25 | <0.001 |
| CHA2DS2‐VASc score | 2.84±1.76 | 3.00±1.74 | <0.001 |
| 0 to 2 | 1387 (45.4%) | 1203 (41.2%) | 0.011 |
| 3 to 5 | 1438 (47.1%) | 1462 (50.1%) | |
| 6 to 9 | 231 (7.5%) | 255 (8.7%) | |
| Charlson comorbidity index | 1.54±1.73 | 1.61±1.72 | 0.127 |
| Congestive heart failure | 870 (28.5%) | 535 (18.3%) | <0.001 |
| Coronary artery disease | 986 (32.3%) | 1153 (39.5%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension | 1910 (62.5%) | 1927 (66.0%) | 0.005 |
| Left ventricular hypertrophy | 45 (1.5%) | 37 (1.3%) | 0.495 |
| Valvular heart disease | 539 (17.6%) | 708 (24.3%) | <0.001 |
| Ventricular tachycardia | 221 (7.2%) | 179 (6.1%) | 0.089 |
| Atrial flutter | 203 (6.6%) | 199 (6.8%) | 0.790 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 631 (20.7%) | 638 (21.9%) | 0.256 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 1645 (53.8%) | 1697 (58.1%) | <0.001 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 286 (9.4%) | 338 (11.6%) | 0.005 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 233 (7.6%) | 267 (9.1%) | 0.034 |
| Cancer | 305 (10.0%) | 341 (11.7%) | 0.035 |
| Medications | N=2210 | N=2101 | |
| Anticoagulation | 1748 (79.1%) | 1706 (81.2%) | 0.084 |
| Aspirin | 1580 (71.5%) | 1571 (74.8%) | 0.015 |
| Clopidogrel | 279 (12.6%) | 334 (15.9%) | 0.002 |
| ACE inhibitor/ARB | 1378 (62.4%) | 1402 (66.7%) | 0.003 |
| β‐Blocker | 1527 (69.1%) | 1654 (78.7%) | <0.001 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 901 (40.8%) | 1003 (47.7%) | <0.001 |
| Digoxin | 573 (25.9%) | 559 (26.6%) | 0.613 |
| Statins | 1308 (59.2%) | 1338 (63.7%) | 0.002 |
ACE inhibitor indicates angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; GD, guideline‐directed group; NGD, non–guideline‐directed group.