Table 5.

The effect of corticosteroids on postextubation laryngeal edema, stridor, respiratory distress, and reintubation

Author	Year	Intervention	Time before extubation	Intervention group			Control group
				Outcome parameter	Number	Percentage	Outcome parameter	Number	Percentage	P value
Darmon et al. [12]	1992	Dexamethasone 8 mg i.v.	1 hour	Laryngeal edema	11/327	3.4 %	Laryngeal edema	17/337	5.0 %	ns
Ho et al. [17]	1996	Hydrocortisone 100 mg i.v.	1 hour	Laryngeal edema	7/39	17.9 %	Laryngeal edema	10/38	26.3 %	ns
Cheng et al. [16]	2006	Methylprednisolone 40 mg i.v.	24 hours	Stridor	5/43	11.6 %	Stridor	13/43	30.2 %	0.15
				Reintubation	3/43	6.9 %	Reintubation	11/43	25.6 %	NA
		Methylprednisolone 4 × 40 mg i.v.	24 hours	Stridor	3/42	7.1 %	Stridor	13/43	30.2 %	0.005
				Reintubation	7/42	16.7 %	Reintubation	11/43	25.6 %	NA
François et al. [11]	2007	Methylprednisolone 3 × 20 mg i.v.	12 hours	Laryngeal edema	11/355	3.1 %	Laryngeal edema	76/343	22. %	<0.01
				Reintubation	13/355	3.7 %	Reintubation	36/343	10.5 %	0.02
Lee et al. [30]a	2007	Dexamethasone 4 × 5 mg i.v.	48 hours	Stridor	4/40	10 %	Stridor	11/40	27.5 %	0.037
				Reintubation	1/40	2.5 %	Reintubation	2/40	5.0 %	0.56
Cheng et al. [26]b	2011	Methylprednisolone 40 mg i.v.	4 hours	Stridor	6/38	15.8 %	Stridor	13/33	39.4 %	0.025
				Reintubation	3/38	7.9 %	Reintubation	10/33	30.3 %	NA
Abbasi et al. [29]	2014	Budesonide 4 × 1 mg nebulized	48 hours	Respiratory distress	3/35	8.6 %	Respiratory distress	11/35	31.4 %	0.017
				Stridor	3/35	8.6 %	Stridor	7/35	20 %	0.17
				Reintubation	3/35	8.6 %	Reintubation	11/35	31.4 %	0.017

i.v. intravenous, ns not significant, NA not applicable

^aOnly patients with cuff leak volume (CLV) <110 ml were included. In patients with CLV ≥110 ml, stridor was found in 4.9 % of patients, and 1.4 % of patients were reintubated

^bOnly patients with cuff leak percentage (CLP) <24 % were included. In patients with CLP ≥24 %, stridor was found in 3.8 % of patients, and intubation was performed in 5 % of patients