Freshly sorted SIV-specific CD8+ T cells are more effective at suppressing viral replication in Δnef-infected CD4+ T cells than in Δnef-infected macrophages. A comparison of the levels of MHC-I-specific suppression of viral replication in WT- and Δnef-infected target cells after subtraction of MHC-I-mismatched nonspecific killing is shown. The mean percent elimination of target cells is represented as a black line, and each data point represents an independent experiment. Macrophage cocultures were performed with Gag181–189 CM9-, Vif97–104WY8-, Vif66–73HW8-, or Vif100–109VL10-CD8+ T cells isolated from infected or vaccinated animals and used as effector cells. **, P = 0.001 to 0.01.