Table 5.

Total and Indirect Effect of Visual Acuity on Risk of All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease Mortality Through Allostatic Load and Instrumental Activities of IADL Mediators

	HR for All-Cause Mortality	96% CI for All-Cause Mortality	HR for CVD-Related Mortality	95% CI for CVD-Related Mortality
Direct effect	1.17*	1.04, 1.32	1.21*	1.01, 1.44
Indirect effect through allostatic load	1.01*	1.00, 1.03	1.02*	1.00, 1.04
Indirect effect through IADL	1.16*	1.09, 1.23	1.20*	1.12, 1.28
Total effect, direct plus both indirect pathways	1.38*	1.23, 1.54	1.47*	1.26, 1.71

^* P < 0.05.