Table 3.
Single and Multilevel Linear Regression Models of Teacher Ratings of Approaches to Learning (ECLS-K: Spring First Grade, N=12,850)
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | SE | B | SE | B | SE | |
| White Immigrant | 0.01 | (0.05) | 0.01 | (0.05) | 0.03 | (0.03) |
| Native American | −0.33*** | (0.07) | −0.28** | (0.09) | −0.16* | (0.07) |
| East Asian American | 0.18** | (0.07) | 0.14* | (0.07) | 0.09+ | (0.05) |
| East Asian Immigrant | 0.23*** | (0.06) | 0.25*** | (0.07) | 0.04 | (0.06) |
| South Asian | 0.21** | (0.08) | 0.17* | (0.08) | 0.11 * | (0.06) |
| Southeast Asian American | −0.10 | (0.08) | −0.02 | (0.09) | 0.00 | (0.07) |
| Southeast Asian Immigrant | 0.09 | (0.05) | 0.22*** | (0.05) | 0.18*** | (0.04) |
| White Latina/o American | −0.04 | (0.04) | −0.07+ | (0.04) | 0.01 | (0.03) |
| White Latina/o Immigrant | −0.06 | (0.05) | 0.07 | (0.07) | 0.22*** | (0.04) |
| Nonwhite Latina/o American | 0.17*** | (0.05) | −0.14** | (0.05) | 0.02 | (0.03) |
| Nonwhite Latina/o Immigrant | −0.09** | (0.04) | −0.07 | (0.05) | 0.16*** | (0.04) |
| Black American | −0.30*** | (0.03) | 0.27*** | (0.04) | −0.08* | (0.03) |
| Black Immigrant | −0.19* | (0.09) | −0.27** | (0.10) | −0.10 | (0.07) |
| Male | −0.25*** | (0.01) | ||||
| SES | 0.03*** | (0.01) | ||||
| Age | 0.01*** | (0.00) | ||||
| Literacy ARS | 0.31*** | (0.02) | ||||
| Math ARS | 0.28*** | (0.02) | ||||
| Constant | 3.09*** | (0.01) | 3.07*** | (0.02) | 0.50** | (0.20) |
| Variance Component | ||||||
| Classroom Level (τ00) | 0.54 | (0.01) | 0.44 | (0.01) | ||
Note: All models include survey weights and robust standard errors for clustering at the school level. White American subgroup serves as reference category for MMR.
+
p < .10,
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01,
***
p <.001 (two-tailed)