Table 2. Clinicians Delivering Babies in Surveyed Rural Hospitals by Birth Volume.
| 2010 Hospital Annual Birth Volume | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surveyed Hospitals (N = 244) | Low (N=43) | Medium (N=75) | Medium High (N=65) | High (N=61) | P value | |
| Percent of Hospitals With: | ||||||
| Types of Clinicians Delivering Babies | ||||||
| Obstetricians | 77.0 | 37.2 | 66.7 | 93.8 | 100.0 | < .001 |
| Family Physicians | 55.3 | 93.0 | 70.7 | 41.5 | 24.6 | < .001 |
| Family Physicians Performing Cesareans | 32.0 | 58.1 | 44.0 | 23.1 | 8.2 | < .001 |
| Certified Nurse Midwives | 31.6 | 23.3 | 24.0 | 33.8 | 44.3 | .005 |
| General Surgeons | 23.4 | 58.1 | 32.0 | 12.3 | 0.0 | < .001 |
| Combinations of Clinicians | ||||||
| Obstetricians but No Family Physicians | 44.7 | 4.5 | 28.4 | 58.9 | 75.0 | < .001 |
| Family Physicians but No Obstetricians | 23.0 | 61.4 | 35.8 | 6.8 | 0.0 | < .001 |
| Both Obstetricians and Family Physicians | 32.4 | 34.1 | 35.8 | 34.2 | 25.0 | .220 |
| Anesthesia Services for Deliveries | ||||||
| Anesthesiologists Only | 11.9 | 0.0 | 8.0 | 12.3 | 24.6 | < .001 |
| CRNA Only | 50.0 | 97.7 | 66.7 | 33.8 | 13.1 | < .001 |
| Both Anesthesiologists and CRNAs | 38.1 | 2.3 | 25.3 | 53.8 | 62.3 | < .001 |
| Nurse Staffing for Deliveries | ||||||
| Nurses Work Exclusively in Maternity and Newborn Care (vs Other Areas of Hospital) | 43.4 | 7.0 | 29.3 | 58.5 | 70.5 | < .001 |
Notes: CRNA is Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist. P values presented are from Mantel-Haenszel chi-square tests of significant difference across birth volume.