Table 2.
Measures of Sleep by Group [Mean (SD)]
| Sleep Parameters | Controls: No Pain Disorder | Knee Osteoarthritis (ACR) | Total Sample (N=194) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RDC Good sleeper (n = 29) |
RDC Primary Insomnia (n = 28) |
RDC Good Sleeper (n = 30) |
RDC Insomnia (n = 116) |
||
|
Sleep Continuity | |||||
| Sleep Efficiency (%) | |||||
| Diary | .91 (.1) | .64 (.1)***a,b | .88 (.1) | .67 (.1)***a,b | .73 (.2)*** |
| Actigraphy | .73 (.1) | .71 (.2) | .66 (.1) | .65 (.2)*a,c | .67 (.1)* |
| PSG | .82 (.1) | .76 (.1) | .77 (.1) | .74 (.1)**a | .76 (.1)† |
| Total Sleep Time (min) | |||||
| Diary | 415.0 (49.6) | 311.0 (77.2) | 402.5 (68.3) | 324.3 (74.3) | 346.4 (80.9) |
| Actigraphy | 327.1 (50.1) | 335.7 (75.7) | 298.0 (71.7) | 306.7 (78.4) | 312.8 (74.3) |
| PSG | 376.9 (77.5) | 370.6 (84.0) | 370.2 (60.3) | 351.5 (99.6) | 360.4 (89.9) |
| Sleep Latency (min) | |||||
| Diary | 14.8 (10.5) | 50.1 (25.6) | 16.1 (10.3) | 49.4 (35.2) | 39.9 (32.7) |
| Actigraphy | 14.9 (10.2) | 20.3 (21.1) | 14.1 (8.3) | 26.8 (24.3) | 22.4 (21.3) |
| PSG | 29.0 (43.3) | 25.1 (24.2) | 21.4 (29.8) | 31.9 (38.8) | 29.0 (36.5) |
| Wake After Sleep Onset (min) | |||||
| Diary | 14.4 (17.7) | 76.4 (38.3) | 25.4 (24.5) | 70.5 (43.3) | 56.9 (44.3) |
| Actigraphy | 94.0 (58.0) | 96.9 (62.4) | 123.1 (73.8) | 120.2 (75.9) | 113.4 (71.9) |
| PSG | 53.3 (37.8) | 94.8 (84.8) | 95.4 (51.3) | 86.2 (61.9) | 84.3 (62.6) |
|
Sleep Architecture | |||||
| NREM Stage 1% | 8.9 (4.3) | 8.4 (5.3) | 8.8 (5.0) | 8.9 (5.6) | 8.8 (5.3) |
| NREM Stage 2% | 56.1 (7.7) | 56.8 (10.5) | 53.4 (9.9) | 56.6 (10.8) | 56.1 (10.3) |
| NREM Stage 3 (slow wave sleep) | 13.1 (11.7) | 11.6 (9.6) | 16.1 (9.0) | 13.8 (13.3) | 13.7 (12.1) |
| REM % | 22.0 (7.3) | 23.2 (5.8) | 21.7 (6.3) | 21.3 (8.8) | 21.7 (7.9) |
| REM Latency (min, cycle 1) | 107.7 (52.6) | 117.2 (47.2) | 95.2 (44.5) | 132.9 (82.6) | 121.7 (71.2) |
|
Clinical Sleep D/O Indices | |||||
| Apnea Hypopnea Index | 4.6 (3.4) | 4.6 (3.9) | 5.0 (3.6) | 5.2 (4.6) | 5.0 (4.2) |
| Respiratory Disturbance Index | 10.2 (5.8) | 10.6 (6.4) | 9.7 (4.9) | 11.4 (6.3) | 10.9 (6.1) |
| Average SPO2 Low during sleep (min) | 85.7 (7.7) | 82.4 (16.9) | 85.6 (3.6) | 83.8 (10.7) | 84.1 (10.7) |
| Periodic Limb Movement Index | 4.3 (6.2) | 3.15 (5.2) | 19.6 (25.2) | 12.6 (18.9) | 11.2 (18.3) |
| Periodic Limb Movement with Arousal Index | .34 (.4) | .36 (.8) | 3.3 (6.5) | 2.2 (5.5) | 1.8 (5.0) |
| Spontaneous Arousal Index | 5.2 (4.1) | 5.6 (5.5) | 4.1 (2.8) | 6.7 (7.7) | 5.9 (6.5) |
| Overall Arousal Index | 12.6 (5.9) | 14.2 (10.2) | 13.6 (8.6) | 16.8 (12.7) | 15.4 (11.2) |
Two-tailed t-test
†
(.05<p<.10),
*
(p<.05),
**
(p<.01),
***
(p<.001).
a
different from control,
b
different from KOA good sleeper,
c
different from Primary Insomnia (no KOA). Omnibus significance level is noted in the Total Sample column.
RDC Good sleeper is defined by Edinger et al., 2004(23).