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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Pharm Res. 2015 May 6;32(10):3170–3187. doi: 10.1007/s11095-015-1695-1

Table 1.

Characteristics of the flow waveforms used for comparisons to multiple in vivo data sets.

Sinusoidal waveform QD waveform SD waveform
PIFR (LPM) 47.1 99.0 41.2
Mean flow rate (LPM) 30.0 60.8 24.8
Flow rate for particle sizing (LPM) NA 80.0 39.9
Period of inhalation (s) 2 2.96 7.24
Time to PIFR (s) 1 0.49 1.81
Time fraction to PIFR 1/2 1/6 1/4
Volume inhaled (L) 1 3 3