Table 1.

The comprehensive package of HIV prevention, treatment and care interventions and strategies for adults and adolescents as cited in the WHO key population guidelines

Essential health sector interventions
1.	Comprehensive condom and lubricant programming.
2.	Harm reduction interventionsa for substance use (in particular needle and syringe programmesb and opioid substitution therapy).
3.	Behavioural interventions.
4.	HIV testing and counselling.
5.	HIV treatment and care.
6.	Sexual and reproductive health interventions.c
7.	Prevention and management of co-infections and other co-morbidities, including viral hepatitis, tuberculosis and mental health conditions.
Essential strategies for an enabling environment
1.	Supportive legislation, policy and financial commitment, including decriminalization of behaviours of key populations.
2.	Addressing stigma and discrimination.
3.	Community empowerment.
4.	Addressing violence against people from key populations.

^aThis package is essentially the same as the comprehensive package for HIV prevention, treatment and care for people who inject drugs that has been widely endorsed at the highest level [25,26]. For people who inject drugs, the harm reduction component of the package, and in particular the implementation of needle and syringe programmes and opioid substitution therapy, remains the first priority

^bneedle and syringe programmes are important for those people who inject drugs and also for transgender people who require sterile injecting equipment to safely inject hormones for gender affirmation. Other important areas include for tattooing, piercing and other forms of skin penetration, which are particularly relevant in prisons and other closed settings

^cincluding contraception, diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections, cervical screening, etc.

From Ref. [1].