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. 2015 Jul 28;16(8):17088–17100. doi: 10.3390/ijms160817088

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Photoprotective effects of SMMS in human dermal fibroblasts (hDFs). (A) SMMS increased the proliferation of hDFs. n = 3; (B) In addition, cell viability of hDFs was measured in the presence of 200 mJ UVB using MTT assay, and SMMS significantly increased the survival of hDFs. Con stands for unirradiated control, (-) stands for UVB-irradiated control, n = 3; (C) The mRNA expression of type I collagen and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) in hDFs was measured by RT-PCR 24 h after SMMS treatment; (D) The protein levels of type I collagen, MMP-1, and p53 were detected by using Western blotting; (E) SMMS treatment (1 and 10 μM) reduced the UVB-induced ROS generation in KPCs (n = 1). Scale bars = 100 μM; (F) SMMS significantly increased the levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 in a dose-dependent manner; (G) Pharmacological inhibition of ERK1/2 (U0126) significantly inhibited the SMMS-induced survival of hDFs (n = 3). * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.