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Illustration of Tapping Panel Dryness (TPD) symptoms in Hevea brasiliensis plantation. (a) Normal latex flow on tapping panel; (b) Healthy bark; (c) Healthy bark after scrapping; (d) Partial cessation of latex flow related to reactive oxygen species-Tapping Panel Dryness (ROS-TPD); (e) ROS-TPD bark; (f) ROS-TPD bark after scrapping; (g) Total cessation of latex flow related to brown bast-TPD (BB-TPD); (h) BB-TPD bark; (i) BB-TPD bark after scrapping.
