Table 1.

Summary of clinical trials with DMTs evaluating effects on CI

DMT	N	Follow- duration	Domains assessed	Result	Statistically significant	Problems
IM interferon B-1a weekly[10]	166	104 weeks	information processing and learning/memory	Improvement both placebo and treated group; treated group ➾ placebo	Yes
			visuospatial abilities and problem solving	Improvement both placebo and treated group; treated group > placebo	No
			verbal abilities and attention span	No effect	No
			Time to sustained progression on the PASAT	Treated longer time to progression than placebo	No
SQ Interferon B-1b every other day[11]	30	Years 2-4	Visual Reproduction- Delayed Recall	Improvement both placebo and treated group; treated group ➾ placebo	Yes	No baseline evaluation
			Immediate and delayed recall memory	Improvement both placebo and treated group	No
			Attention/mental speed	Both unchanged	No
			Executive function/ability to suppress distracting stimuli	Treated improved placebo unchanged	No
Natalizumab AFFIRM [14]	942	2 years	Sustained progression on the PASAT	Treated longer time to progression than placebo	Yes
SQ Interferon B-1a three times a week						No data
Glatiramer acetate						No data
Fingolimod						No data