Evaluation of apoptotic incidence. (A) Following double staining with annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (phycoerythrin for direct co-culture) and propidium iodide, 0 ng/ml resulted in a normal apoptosis rate of the NP cells. The apoptotic rates of the NP cells were increased following different levels of IL-1β stimulation, then were reduced when indirectly co-cultured with BMSCs, with a more marked reduction observed in the direct co-culture. (B) The apoptotic incidences of the NP cells in different groups were compared (*P<0.05). (C) The directly co-cultured BMSCs were minimally impacted. NP, nucleus pulposus; IL-1β, interleukin-1β; BMSCs, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells.