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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Oct 1.
Published in final edited form as: Autism. 2015 May 11;19(7):794–804. doi: 10.1177/1362361315583818

Table 5. Treatments and professional intervention: Current use and priority for future research.

Current Use: SR (n=225) Current Use: LR (n=123) Priority for Future Study: SR2 (n=100) Priority for Future Study: LR2 (n=60)
Medication 61%1 72%1 3.35(1.1) 3.93(0.9)7

Complementary and alternative medicine 30%4 20% 3.24(1.3) 3.60(1.1)
 Vitamins, herbs, supplements -- -- 2.99(1.4) 3.12(1.0)
 Special diets -- -- 2.97(1.4) 2.96(0.9)
 Alternative medicine -- -- 2.66(1.3) 2.93(1.1)

Behavioral therapy -- -- 4.04(1.0) 4.45(0.8)
 Individual psychotherapy 48%2 24% 3.97(1.1)5 3.31(1.2)
 Group psychotherapy 8% 6% 3.37(1.2) 3.10(1.3)
 Marital or family therapy 4% 2% 3.59(1.1) 3.14(1.1)
 Applied Behavior Analysis 3% 12% 3.10(1.3) 3.64(1.1)
 Support groups for ASD 15% 2% 3.64(1.2) 3.30(1.2)
 Social skills training 9% 28%3 4.16(1.1)2 4.31(0.9)2
 Vocational skills training -- -- 4.08(1.1)3 4.12(1.1)4
 Life-skills training 6% 36%2 4.22(1.0)1 4.54(0.8)1
 Social activity groups for ASD -- -- 3.65(1.3) 3.88(1.1)
 Peer-matching program -- -- 3.54(1.2) 3.76(1.2)

School-based therapy -- -- 3.98(0.9) 4.30(1.0)
 Speech/language therapy 4% 28%3 3.67(1.2) 4.25(1.0)3
 Occupational therapy 5% 15% 3.75(1.2) 4.07(1.0)5
 Physical therapy 6% 7% 3.32(1.2) 3.53(1.2)

Creative/expressive therapies -- -- 3.87(1.1) 3.67(0.9)

Community supports -- -- 3.90(1.0) 4.07(0.9)
 Spiritual practice 29%5 10% 3.25(1.4) 2.79(1.2)
 Religious support person 7% 2% 2.65(1.3) 2.33(1.1)
 Regular exercise -- -- 3.99(1.2)4 4.02(0.7)6
 Community clubs -- -- 3.54(1.2) 3.52(1.2)
 Self-help books 36%3 6% 3.02(1.2) 2.07(0.8)
 Online communities 18% 0 3.47(1.3) 2.88(1.0)

Other 14% 9% -- --
None 9% 14% -- --

Note. SR=Initial self-reporting subsample; LR=Initial legally-authorized representative ratings about adult wards with ASD; SR2=Follow-up self-reporting subsample; LR2=Follow-up legally-authorized representative ratings about adult wards with ASD. Percentages in first two data columns reflect proportion of SR or LR subsample endorsing current use of each type of treatment. Means (standard deviations) in the second two data columns are shown within group based on priority ratings of 1=Not important at all to 5=Very important. Superscripts reflect relative priority ranking within sample (column) for all treatments except “Other.”