Table 1.
Characteristics of 18–30 Year Old Persons Who Inject Drugs in San Diego (n=338) and San Francisco (n=245), California, 2008–2011
| Characteristic | San Diego n (%) | San Francisco n (%) | Total n (%) | P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year of interview | 0.002 | |||
| 2008–2009 | 159 (47.0) | 84 (34.3) | 243 (41.7) | |
| 2010–2011 | 179 (53.0) | 161 (65.7) | 340 (58.3) | |
| Age (years) | 0.032 | |||
| 18–25 | 174 (51.5) | 148 (60.4) | 322 (55.2) | |
| 26–30 | 164 (48.5) | 97 (39.6) | 261 (44.8) | |
| Race | <.001 | |||
| White | 182 (56.9) | 174 (71.0) | 356 (63.0) | |
| Non-white | 138 (43.1) | 71 (29.0) | 209 (37.0) | |
| Gender | 0.731 | |||
| Male | 239 (70.7) | 175 (72.0) | 414 (71.3) | |
| Female | 99 (29.3) | 68 (28.0) | 167 (28.7) | |
| Stable housingb | <.001 | |||
| No | 123 (36.7) | 180 (74.1) | 303 (52.4) | |
| Yes | 212 (63.3) | 63 (25.9) | 275 (47.6) | |
| Born in U.S. | 0.997 | |||
| No | 10 (3.0) | 7 (3.0) | 17 (3.0) | |
| Yes | 328 (97.0) | 230 (97.1) | 558 (97.0) | |
| Income sourceb | <.001 | |||
| Restricted/prohibited activities | 32 (9.5) | 35 (14.4) | 67 (11.6) | |
| Paid work or assistance | 142 (42.3) | 49 (20.2) | 191 (33.0) | |
| Both of above sources | 150 (44.6) | 152 (62.6) | 302 (52.2) | |
| Other source | 12 (3.6) | 7 (2.9) | 19 (3.3) | |
| Highest level of education | 0.018 | |||
| <High School | 97 (28.7) | 92 (38.0) | 189 (32.6) | |
| ≥High School | 241 (71.3) | 150 (62.0) | 391 (67.4) | |
| Self-reported HCV status | <.001 | |||
| Negative/Don’t know | 305 (94.7) | 193 (80.8) | 498 (88.8) | |
| Positive | 17 (5.3) | 46 (19.3) | 63 (11.2) | |
| Self-reported HIV status | 0.363 | |||
| Negative/Don’t know | 314 (96.6) | 233 (95.1) | 547 (96.0) | |
| Positive | 11 (3.4) | 12 (4.9) | 23 (4.0) | |
| Age first injected drugs | <.001 | |||
| 0–15 | 49 (14.5) | 68 (30.0) | 117 (20.7) | |
| 16–20 | 159 (47.2) | 107 (47.1) | 266 (47.2) | |
| ≥21 | 129 (38.3) | 52 (22.9) | 181 (32.1) | |
| Times inject per day | <.001 | |||
| 0–2 | 127 (37.9) | 128 (52.7) | 255 (44.1) | |
| 3–5 | 178 (53.1) | 92 (37.9) | 270 (46.7) | |
| ≥6 | 30 (9.0) | 23 (9.5) | 53 (9.2) | |
| First drug injected | 0.165 | |||
| Heroinc | 201 (62.2) | 136 (56.4) | 337 (59.8) | |
| Other drug | 122 (37.8) | 105 (43.6) | 227 (40.3) | |
| Drugs injected most in last 3 months | <0.001 | |||
| Heroin c | 166 (62.4) | 191 (78.0) | 357 (69.9) | |
| Other drug | 100 (37.6) | 54 (22.0) | 154 (30.1) | |
| Lent a used syringe | 0.143 | |||
| No | 172 (51.2) | 131 (57.5) | 303 (53.7) | |
| Yes | 164 (48.8) | 97 (42.5) | 261 (46.3) | |
| Shared a cooker | 0.412 | |||
| No | 131 (39.5) | 105 (42.9) | 236 (40.9) | |
| Yes | 201 (60.5) | 140 (57.1) | 341 (59.1) | |
| Shared rinse water | <.001 | |||
| No | 142 (42.6) | 154 (63.4) | 296 (51.4) | |
| Yes | 191 (57.4) | 89 (36.6) | 280 (48.6) | |
| Used local syringe exchange program | <.001 | |||
| No | 174 (51.5) | 75 (30.6) | 249 (42.7) | |
| Yes | 164 (48.5) | 170 (69.4) | 334 (57.3) | |
| Purchased syringe from pharmacy | <.001 | |||
| No | 281 (83.1) | 123 (50.2) | 404 (69.3) | |
| Yes | 57 (16.9) | 122 (49.8) | 179 (30.7) |
a
All behavioral variables refer to the past 3 months, unless otherwise indicated.
b
San Diego: 6 months San Francisco: 3 month
c
alone or mixed with other drugs