Table 2.
Factors associated with pulmonary impairment after tuberculosis (PIAT)
| Variable | n | Crude OR (95% CI) |
P-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lineage | East-Asian | 72 | 2.02 (0.98, 4.17) | 0.06 | 1.29 (0.59, 2.85) | 0.54 |
| Euro-American | 182 | 1.28 (0.69, 2.38) | 0.44 | 1.01 (0.52, 1.93) | 0.99 | |
| Indo-Oceanic | 51 | referent | 0.13 | referent | 0.73 | |
| East Africa-Indian | 6 | 0.34 (0.04, 3.27) | 0.35 | 0.41 (0.04, 4.10) | 0.45 | |
| Host-pathogen relationships | Sympatric | 184 | referent | -- | referent -- | -- |
| Allopatric | 127 | 1.72 (1.09, 2.91) | 0.02 | 1.71 (1.03, 2.84) | 0.04 | |
| Smoking volume: | <1 | 153 | referent | <0.01 | referent-- | 0.04 |
| (Pack-years) | 1 – 5 | 38 | 0.63 (0.30, 1.33) | 0.23 | 0.60 (0.28, 1.28) | 0.19 |
| 6 – 15 | 54 | 1.22 (0.65, 2.27) | 0.54 | 1.14 (0.58, 2.25) | 0.70 | |
| 16 – 29 | 26 | 1.65 (0.72, 3.85) | 0.24 | 1.51 (0.62, 3.69) | 0.36 | |
| >30 | 40 | 3.65 (1.70, 7.99) | <0.01 | 3.06 (1.30, 7.19) | 0.01 | |
| Age group | <30 | 56 | referent | 0.18 | referent-- | 0.82 |
| (years) | 30 – <40 | 50 | 0.97 (0.45, 2.09) | 0.93 | 0.81 (0.36, 1.81) | 0.61 |
| 40 – <50 | 65 | 1.07 (0.52, 2.21) | 0.85 | 0.84 (0.38, 1.83) | 0.65 | |
| 50 – <60 | 73 | 2.02 (1.00, 4.10) | 0.05 | 1.29 (0.59, 2.81) | 0.52 | |
| 60 – <70 | 37 | 1.96 (0.84, 4.54) | 0.12 | 1.17 (0.46, 2.95) | 0.75 | |
| >70 | 30 | 1.17 (0.48, 2.84) | 0.74 | 0.87 (0.33, 2.26) | 0.77 | |
| Sex* | Male | 216 | 1.36 (0.84, 2.21) | 0.22 | ||
| Female | 95 | referent | -- | |||
| BMI^ | 18.5 – <25 (Healthy weight) | 167 | referent | 0.08 | ||
| <18.5 Underweight | 41 | 2.08 (1.01, 4.29) | 0.05 | |||
| 25 – <30 (Over weight) | 62 | 0.74 (0.41, 1.34) | 0.32 | |||
| >30 (Obese) | 17 | 0.68 (0.25, 1.86) | 0.45 | |||
| Biomass Exposure | None | 185 | 1.17 (0.66, 2.05) | 0.59 | ||
| Some | 66 | referent | -- |
OR(95%CI) = Odds ratio (95% Confidence Interval [CI]);
^
data available for 293 (94%);
Not all variables tested in univariate were included in the initial multivariate model shown; Final results of the stepwise logistic multivariate regression modeling are given in the text.
^*
These variables were not included in multivariate logistic regression.
Hence multivariate analysis model comprised of Age group, Smoking Volume, Lineage and Host-pathogen relationships.
BMI = Body Mass Index (kg/m2).
Figures in bold and italics are statistically significant, p < 0.05.